An Outline of the precambrian evolution of the baltic shield

Diffusion versus recrystallization processes in Rb–Sr geochronology: Isotopic relics in eclogite facies rocks, Western Gneiss Region, Norway

“…1) is the deepest exposed unit of the Scandinavian Caledonides. It is dominated by Paleo-to Mesoproterozoic gneisses, some with Grenvillean metamorphic overprint (at ~1000-950 Ma; Gaál and Gorbatschev, 1987;Skår and Pedersen, 2003). Metabasic rocks and metamorphosed upper crustal lithologies occur as well (Brynhi and Sturt, 1985;Brynhi, 1989).…”

Relation between seismicity and tectonic structures offshore and onshore Nordland, northern Norway

“…Moreover, it was reported that the territory of Nordland exhibits features of neotectonic movements (Dehls & Olesen, 2000), which together with the seismicity have been related to stress generation from the ridge push of the Atlantic Ocean, the post-glacial rebound, and the sediment redistribution and topography (e.g., Olesen et al, 2013a). In addition, the geological settings in Nordland are very complex: the Caledonian nappes are folded down to 5 km deep (Midtun, 1988;Olesen et al, 2002), intrusive igneous bodies, such as the Transscandinavian Igneous Belt (e.g., Gaal & Gorbatschev, 1987;Henkel & Eriksson, 1987;Larson & Berglund, 1992;Hogdahl et al, 2004), are located onshore, while the Moho depth varies from less than 20 km offshore to the west to more than 45 km onshore to the east with a convex Moho bulge under the Lofoten-Vesterålen region (Olesen et al, 2002;Maystrenko et al, 2017). As earthquakes generally occur along pre-existing zones of weakness and result from a buildup of stress and/or reduced effective shear strength along favourably oriented faults (e.g., Davis & Reynolds, 1996), all the factors mentioned above could influence the stress field and may have an effect on the tectonic structures, which are abundant in the Nordland area.…”

Association of calcium with colloidal particles and speciation of calcium in the Kalix and Amazon rivers

“…The Caledonides in the north-west cover ϳ5% of the basement and are mainly mica schist, quartzite and amphibolite (Gee and Zachrisson, 1979). The rest of the basement is Precambrian bedrock of granitic composition with features of acidic, intermediate and basic volcanic rocks along with sedimentary rocks, more or less affected by metamorphism (Gaal and Gorbatschev, 1987). The quaternary cover is dominated by till deposited during the last glacial period which ended ϳ8700 yr ago in the area.…”