An Outbreak of Tuberculosis in a Deer Farm

Yoshikawa, Haruhisa; Fujiwara, Toshihisa; Seo, Hirokazu; Oyamada, Toshifumi; Ogasawara, Toshimi; Tubaki, Shiroh; Saitoh, H; Satoh, Hiroshi; Yoshikawa, Takashi

doi:10.12935/jvma1951.47.433

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Variety of factors like drugs, chemicals, food allergens, endogenous antigens and infectious agents were aĴ ributed to trigger the glomerulonephritis in swine 23 . In addition, several infectious diseases like classical swine fever and African Swine Fever 24 , systemic cytomegalovirus infection 25 and group A streptococcal abscesses 26 usually manifest lesions pertaining to glomerulonephritis. The major histopathological fi ndings in the current study are in agreement with earlier reports 24,27,28 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathomorphology of spontaneous kidney lesions in slaughtered pigs

Padmini,

Hemanth,

Devi

et al. 2024

Indian Journal of Veterinary Pathology

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The present study was conducted to know the occurrence of various spontaneous kidney lesions in slaughtered pigs and to describe their pathomorphological features. A total of 320 slaughtered pigs of either sex and mostly of marketable age were screened for the possible gross renal lesions in diff erent regions of Krishna District in Andhra Pradesh state. Gross and microscopic examination revealed renal lesions of pathological signifi cance in 115 animals (35.94%). Histopathologically, the lesions were categorised as vascular changes (15.65%), nephrosis (7.83%), nephritis (67.83%) and renal cysts (8.69%). Vascular changes were comprised of renal congestion (12.17%) and renal hemorrhage (3.48%). Nephritis was categorized into glomerular (30.44%), interstitial (36.52%) and tubulo-interstitial (0.87%) types. Glomerulonephritis was comprised of acute (3.48%), sub-acute (24.35%) and chronic (2.61%) types; while interstitial nephritis included sub-acute (33.04%) and chronic (3.48%) types. The present study infers a signifi cant occurrence of spontaneous renal lesions in slaughtered pigs; the most common pathological condition being interstitial nephritis and the most consistent lesion being mononuclear cellular infi ltration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathomorphology of spontaneous kidney lesions in slaughtered pigs

Padmini,

Hemanth,

Devi

et al. 2024

Indian Journal of Veterinary Pathology

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“…Tuberculosis is recognised as a very important health problem of captive deer in many countries, including Japan [ 17 ], New Zealand [ 7 ] and the United Kingdom [ 6 ]. White-tailed deer are also an important wildlife reservoir of bovine tuberculosis in the USA [ 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Mycobacterium bovisinfection in two sika deer herds in Ireland

Partridge¹,

Toolan²,

Egan³

et al. 2008

Ir Vet J

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In a number of countries, tuberculosis (due to infection with Mycobacterium bovis) is a significant health problem of captive deer. This paper describes outbreaks of bovine tuberculosis in sika deer (Cervus nippon) on two farms in Ireland and the methods used to control the disease. On Farm A, infection was first detected during 1993. The infection was eradicated using a programme of test and removal, in association with segregation of young animals. A second outbreak (also due to infection with M. bovis, but a different RFLP profile) was detected in 2002. In the latter outbreak, infection was particularly prevalent in two groups of young deer. M. bovis with the same RFLP profile was also isolated in a badger found dead on the farm. Control was achieved by test and removal in association with herd management changes. In Herd B, infection was first detected in 1995, and subsequently eradicated using test and removal alone. In Herd A, re-infection remains an ongoing risk. Control rather than eradication of infection may more realistic in the short-to medium-term.

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Mycobacterial diseases of deer

Mackintosh

Lisle

Collins

et al. 2004

New Zealand Veterinary Journal

116

113

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The most significant mycobacterial diseases of free-living, captive and farmed deer are bovine tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium bovis, Johne's disease (paratuberculosis), caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (basonym M. paratuberculosis), and avian tuberculosis, caused principally by M. avium subsp avium. The first case of M. bovis infection in farmed deer was identified in New Zealand in 1978. In 1983, a voluntary scheme was introduced in New Zealand to control tuberculosis in farmed deer, followed by a compulsory tuberculosis control scheme in 1990. The primary control measure is the slaughter of infected animals, detected by skin testing and blood testing, together with movement control and vector control. The number of infected deer herds peaked in the mid 1990s at over 160 herds, but by 30 June 2002 this had been reduced to 79 (1.45%), and to 67 (1.23%) by June 2003. Deer-to-deer transmission occurs, but the majority of herd breakdowns are believed to be from infected vectors. Factors likely to affect the susceptibility of deer include age, environment, population density, exposure and genetics. Avian tuberculosis occasionally causes clinical disease in wild, captive and farmed deer in New Zealand and overseas. Mycobacterium intracellulare, and subspecies of M. avium other than M. paratuberculosis, are widespread throughout New Zealand and are thought to be largely responsible for the high level of sensitisation to avian purified protein derivative (PPD), which is used for comparison purposes in tuberculosis skin testing of deer in this country. Infections with these organisms are usually subclinical in farmed deer, although M. avium subsp avium commonly causes lesions in retropharyngeal, mesenteric and ileocaecal lymph nodes. These lesions cause problems because of their gross and microscopic similarity to those due to M. bovis infection. Birds and domestic animals are most likely to become infected via environmental contamination of food, water, bedding litter or soil, while carnivores or scavengers may also become infected by ingesting infected carcasses. Johne's disease has been reported in deer in the wild and in zoos, especially in North America, the United Kingdom (UK) and Europe. Since first being confirmed in farmed deer in New Zealand in 1979, the incidence of Johne's disease has increased steadily. To date, M. paratuberculosis has been identified in >600 farmed deer on 300 properties. The majority of cases have been identified from suspected tuberculous lesions submitted from deer slaughter plants. Clinically, Johne's disease in deer is similar to the disease in sheep and cattle, with typical signs of loss of weight and condition, and diarrhoea. However, outbreaks of Johne's disease frequently occur in young red deer, 8-15 months of age, whereas the clinical disease in sheep and cattle is sporadic and usually affects adults 3-5 years of age. The disease is characterised by a chronic granulomatous enteritis and lymphadenitis, especially affecting the jejunum and ileum and the m...

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An Outbreak of Tuberculosis in a Deer Farm

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Pathomorphology of spontaneous kidney lesions in slaughtered pigs

Pathomorphology of spontaneous kidney lesions in slaughtered pigs

Control of Mycobacterium bovisinfection in two sika deer herds in Ireland

Mycobacterial diseases of deer

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