An Optimization Study for Transesterification of Palm Oil using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

Wong, Y. C.; Tan, Yeshu; Taufiq-Yap, Yun Hin; Ramli, Irmawati

doi:10.17576/jsm-2015-4402-17

Cited by 37 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…By comparing with other CaO modified catalyst reports, the niobium/calcium oxides mix display higher conversion respect to Ca/Mg, 24 Ca/Ce 30 catalysts, similar values when compared with PA/CaO 29 and CaO/CuFe 2 O 4 31 catalysts, and lower conversion when relates with the yield performane of catalyst as Ca:Zn, 22,23 Sr 2+ -CaO/MgO, 25 CaO-MgO, 26 KF/CaO, 28 and CaO-CeO 2 . 32 Considering that the optimal temperature is higher than the boiling point of methanol, which cause the loss of reactant by vaporization, this can influence the results on the optimization of the molar ratio, which is higher compared with other reports [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] for CaO catalysts (1:9 to 1:30). About other aspects like reaction time (2 to 6 h) and mass amount of catalyst (2 to 5 wt.%) our results are in the range.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Finally, the calcination was carried out in a Microprocessed Mufla-Q318M oven for 5 h at 600 °C, those values being defined by previous results. 27 After cooling in a desiccator to room temperature, the catalyst was used in the synthesis of biodiesel.…”

Section: Catalyst Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wong et al 27 evaluated the thermic pretreatment effect in catalytic properties of mixtures of calcium oxide and niobium oxide. Wen et al 28 prepared KF/CaO using the impregnation and reached a 96% biodiesel conversion rate at 65 °C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methyl Esters Production by Heterogeneous Catalyst Mixtures of CaO/Nb2O5 with Simulation of Analysis of Environmental Impacts

Cubides-Román¹,

Constantino²,

David³

et al. 2018

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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The conventional biodiesel process, although it reaches high conversion yields and productivity, faces problems related to the use of homogeneous catalysts. This work aims to study mixtures of calcium oxide (CaO) and niobium oxide (Nb 2 O 5) as the heterogeneous catalyst. It was used a full 2 3 factorial design with four central points to analyze how the mass percentage of the oxides, the molar ratio of reactants, and the reaction temperature affect the conversion yield to methyl esters. The best conversion yield was found near to 89% using 1.8% of catalyst, a 1:36 oil to methanol ratio and at 77 °C as reaction temperature. Finally, it was performed a simplified simulation to compare the heterogeneous catalyst process with the conventional process, and an algorithm to compare the effects of the exit streams of each process would have on the environment. The simulations results display a better performance for the heterogeneous catalyst process studied.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Catalyst Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methyl Esters Production by Heterogeneous Catalyst Mixtures of CaO/Nb2O5 with Simulation of Analysis of Environmental Impacts

Cubides-Román¹,

Constantino²,

David³

et al. 2018

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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“…Thus, ANOVA and the coefficient of determination R 2 were used to determine the goodness of fit of the model. Contour plot and response surface were enhanced by utilizing a suitable quadratic polynomial equation achieved from the RSREG analysis and holding the independent variables at a constant value and changing the level of other variables (Jiang et al, 2006;Permukaan et al, 2015;Wu et al, 2008).…”

Section: Model Fitting and Statistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of methanol crystallization for highly efficient separation of palmitic acid from palm fatty acid mixture using response surface methodology

Japir

Salimon²,

Derawi³

et al. 2018

Grasas y Aceites

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SUMMARY:The objective of the current study was to develop parameters for the separation of palmitic acid (PA) from a crude palm oil saturated fatty acid (SFAs) mixture by using the methanol crystallization method. The conditions of methanol crystallization were optimized by the response surface methodology (RSM) with the D-optimal design. The procedure of developing the solvent crystallization method was based on various different parameters. The fatty acid composition was carried out using a gas chromatography flame ionization detector (GC-FID) as fatty acid methyl esters. The highest percentage of SFAs was more than 96% with the percentage yield of 87.5% under the optimal conditions of fatty acids-to-methanol ratio of 1: 20 (w/v), the crystallization temperature of -15 °C, and the crystallization time of 24 hours, respectively. The composition of separated SFAs in the solid fraction contains 96.7% of palmitic acid (C 16:0 ) as a dominant component and 3.3% of stearic acid (C 18:0 ). The results showed that utilizing methanol as a crystallization solvent is recommended because of its high efficiency, low cost, stability, availability, comparative ease of recovery and its ability to form needle-like crystals which have good filtering and washing characteristics. KEYWORDS: Biodiesel; D-optimal design; Methanol crystallization; Palmitic acid; Response surface methodology (RSM)RESUMEN: Optimización de la cristalización con metanol para una separación altamente eficiente del ácido palmítico en mezclas de ácidos grasos de palma usando metodología de superficie de respuesta. El objetivo del presente estudio fue desarrollar parámetros para la separación de ácido palmítico (PA) en mezclas de ácidos grasos saturados (SFAs) de aceites de palma crudo mediante el método de cristalización con metanol. Las condiciones de cristalización con metanol se optimizaron utilizando la metodología de superficie de respuesta (RSM) con el diseño D-Optimal. El procedimiento de desarrollo del método de cristalización con disolvente se basó en diversos parámetros diferentes. La composición de ácidos grasos se llevó a cabo por cromatografía de gases (GC-FID) como ésteres metílicos de ácidos grasos usando un detector de ionización de llama. El porcentaje más alto de SFAs fue mayor del 96% con un rendimiento porcentual de 87,5% bajo las condiciones óptimas de relación de ácidos grasos:metanol de 1:20 (p/v), una temperatura de cristalización de -15ºC y un tiempo de cristalización de 24 horas. La composición de la fracción de SFAs separada en fracción sólida contiene 96,7% de ácido palmítico (C16:0) como principal componente y 3,3% de ácido esteárico (C18:0). Los resultados mostraron recomendar metanol como disolvente de cristalización debido a su alta eficiencia, bajo coste, estabilidad, disponibilidad, facilidad comparativa de recuperación y su capacidad para formar cristales de aguja que tienen buenas características de filtración y lavado. Citation/Cómo citar este artículo: Japir AAW, Salimon J, Derawi D, Yahaya BH, Jamil MSM, Yusop MR. 2107...

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“…Generally, the RSM could be used to simplify the optimization by study the multi-parameters simultaneously [8].…”

Section: Lai Et Al: Enzymatic Saccharification On Ammonia Pre-treatedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic Saccharification on Ammonia Pre-Treated Oil Palm Trunk Biomass for Glucose Production: An Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology

LongWee¹,

Sarenah²,

Nor³

et al. 2016

MJAS

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This paper reported the optimization of glucose production from ammonia pre-treated oil palm trunk biomass via enzymatic saccharification process using response surface methodology (RSM). A set of experiment was computed by face centered central composite design (FCCCD) using Design Expert software to statistically evaluate the findings. Three independent variables namely: temperature (35 -55 °C), pH (4.5 -6.5) and enzyme ratio (cellullase: β-glucosidase; 3:1 -7:1) were investigated under the given conditions designed by RSM. The experimental result (4.964 ± 0.006 g.L -1 ) was in good agreement with RSM model prediction (4.958 g.L -1 ) with an error less than 0.2 %. The RSM design has been proven to successfully predict the glucose response in this study.Keywords: oil palm trunk biomass, enzymatic saccharification, lignocellulosic substrate, ammonia pre-treament, response surface methodology Abstrak Kertas kerja ini melaporkan pengoptimuman hasilan glukosa daripada prarawatan ammonia biomas batang kelapa sawit melalui proses sakarifikasi enzim dengan menggunakan kaedah gerak balas permukaan (RSM). Satu set eksperimen telah dibentuk iaitu kaedah muka berpusat reka bentuk komposit dengan menggunakan perisian Design Expert bagi menilai penemuan kajian secara statistik. Tiga pembolehubah bebas iaitu: suhu (35 -55 ° C), pH (4.5 -6.5) dan nisbah enzim (selulase: β-glukosidase; 3:1 -7:1) telah disiasat di bawah situasi yang direka oleh RSM. Hasil eksperimen (4.964 ± 0.006 g.L -1 ) yang diperoleh berada dalam persetujuan yang baik dengan ramalan model RSM (4.958 g.L -1 ) iaitu pada ralat kurang daripada 0.2 %. Reka bentuk RSM telah terbukti berjaya meramalkan respon glukosa dalam kajian ini.

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An Optimization Study for Transesterification of Palm Oil using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

Abstract: Biodiesel was produced via transesterification of palm oil with methanol in the presence of CaO-Nb

Cited by 37 publications

References 25 publications

Methyl Esters Production by Heterogeneous Catalyst Mixtures of CaO/Nb2O5 with Simulation of Analysis of Environmental Impacts

Methyl Esters Production by Heterogeneous Catalyst Mixtures of CaO/Nb2O5 with Simulation of Analysis of Environmental Impacts

Optimization of methanol crystallization for highly efficient separation of palmitic acid from palm fatty acid mixture using response surface methodology

Enzymatic Saccharification on Ammonia Pre-Treated Oil Palm Trunk Biomass for Glucose Production: An Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology

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