An objective assessment of demography of gallbladder cancer

Abstract

GBC predominantly a disease of females belonged to fourth and fifth decade of life. Among 328 cases of GBC only 75 were male and 253 female (M:F = 1:3.37). Majority of GBC patients were above 40 years and multiparous females. Family history of GBC was higher in GBC patients. Majority of GBC patients were of low socioeconomic status and hailed from rural background. This group tends to consume open mustard oil and water from hand pump. This study emphasizes the usefulness of demographic evaluation in diagnosis of GBC and a systematic approach to assessment of demographic features of GBC is recommended.

Number of parity and the risk of gallbladder cancer: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of observational studies

“…After the initial screening, eighteen potentially relevant full publications [8][9][10][11][12][13][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] were identified from 1412 articles. One publication [24] was considered a conference abstract and was, therefore, excluded from the analysis.…”

“…Two studies [26][27][28] were also excluded for lack of useful information. Finally, 7 studies [12,13,[19][20][21][22][23] with 2 exposure levels were included and 6 studies [8-11, 18, 29] with at least 3 exposure levels were included in this meta-analysis. Data extraction and quality assessment Two authors (Quan Zhou and JianGuo Zhou) used a standard extraction form to independently extract data and assess its quality.…”

Epigenetic Changes in Carcinogenesis of Gallbladder

“…Gallbladder polyps [18], dietary factors [10,19,20], obesity [21], smoking and alcohol use [22,23], environment water pollution by chemicals and pesticides have also been implicated in the causation of GBC [24][25][26]. It has been observed that GBC patients here in northern India often belong to low socioeconomic status, consume open mustard oil and water from hand pump [27].…”

Elevated Expression of Maspin mRNA as a Predictor of Survival in Stage II and III Gallbladder Cancer Cases

“…Detailed understanding of molecular abnormalities may provide methods for risk assessment and early detection of GBC. The mean age of GBC patients at presentation is around 55 years with female preponderance in various studies (Kumar et al, 2006;Gupta et al, 2012). The reported mean age of gallstones disease at presentation in German population is around 61 years (Volzke et al, 2005) whereas Shukla et al (2008) reported 39.7 years in Indian population.…”

“…The presence of gallstones is believed to be most important risk factor for GBC (Kumar et al, 2006;Randi et al, 2006). Presence of gallstones over a period of time may lead to chronic inflammation, bile retention within the gallbladder and infection.…”