An MILP formulation for controlled islanding coordinated with under frequeny load shedding plan

Teymouri, Farhad; Amraee, Turaj

doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2019.02.009

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In Reference 71, a mixed‐integer program model is proposed to find the island boundaries of controlled islanding. The objective function defined in Reference 70 is used to minimize load shedding.…”

Section: Sips Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent trends in integrity protection of power system: A literature review

Rajalwal

Ghosh

2020

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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Background: An increase in the load demand has been forcing the electrical components to work near their allowable limits. The transformation of the power system in terms of technology and geographical stretch has imposed the necessity of employing advanced protection schemes in the system. The system integrity protection scheme (SIPS) has evolved as an effective measure with the gradual sprawl of the conventional grid with local measurements to a smart grid with wide-area measurement system. Aims: SIPS is a rapidly growing field in the power system and thus the study of its performance analysis, implementation methods, and applications is necessary. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of SIPS technology. Materials & Methods: In this paper, SIPS definition and classification are briefly discussed. SIPS normalization schemes that include load shedding, controlled islanding, generation rejection, ou-of-step prediction, relay settings are elaborated. To implement these normalization schemes, various methods such as index-based, optimization-based, WAMS based, EAC based, and ML-based are discussed and compared. Finally, a comparative assessment is framed based on SIPS applied for different power system issues such as transient instability, voltage instability, overloading, line contingency, protection security, etc. Results: It is observed that most of the proposed SIPS are implemented for improving transient stability. The preferred solution for implementing the SIPS by the researchers is load shedding. It is also observed that there is a lack of implementation of SIPS with renewable energy systems.

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Section: Sips Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent trends in integrity protection of power system: A literature review

Rajalwal

Ghosh

2020

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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“…In this respect, it has been shown in the existing literature that coordination between ICI and other SIPSs, such as UFLS, needs to be researched [10]. Namely, it turned out Energies 2021, 14, 2790 2 of 13 that an UFLS scheme operating by means of frequency and rate-of-change-of-frequency (RoCoF) relay tripping is not always able to avoid frequency instability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To the best of the authors' knowledge, only a few research papers considered a power plant outage as an initial event, which is probably due to the fact that it was detected as an initiating event in only 11% of the cases [20]. In the course of EPS deterioration, generator tripping was indeed one of the consequences, but the operational issues began with a short-circuit fault [10,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

WAMS-Supported Power Mismatch Optimization for Secure Intentional Islanding

2021

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It is expected that a coordinated operation of several system integrity protection schemes will become a necessity in the future. This research represents an innovative strategy for coordinating under-frequency load shedding and intentional controlled islanding schemes for improving electric power system stability and resilience. In the great majority of real-world cases, both approaches follow conventional tactics, i.e., disconnecting a fixed number of feeders at predefined frequency thresholds and isolating a predefined area of a power system regardless of the actual conditions. Under the newly arisen network conditions in which weather-dependent distributed energy sources introduce a significant level of intermittency, conventional approaches need to be upgraded in order to retain a high level of power system operation security. In this paper, a mixed-integer linear programming approach is used to adjust the island size, including/excluding additional substations according to the available amount of generation in the region. The fine-tuning of the power rebalancing is achieved by potentially blocking selected load shedding stages. This minimizes the power imbalance of the newly formed islands, which helps to reduce the number of partial or even total blackouts and also accelerates the power system’s restoration process. The optimization approach was tested on a generic IEEE 39-bus network and shows promising results along with the capability of coping with real-world applications using wide-area monitoring systems as a source of real-time measurements. The results also indicated the importance of appropriate load modelling since both voltage and frequency dependence are recognized to have a significant effect on intentional controlled islanding.

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“…The ICI algorithms proposed in References 34,35, which employ DC and AC power flow constraints, respectively, try to improve the frequency stability of resulted islands with different constraints. In Reference 36, the method of Reference 35 has been extended by considering under frequency load shedding (UFLS) relays. However, these approaches have not considered the response time of different corrective actions, which may make them inapplicable to real‐world power systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While some previous ICI works (such as References 19,23,28) have focused on minimal power flow disruption, some other ones (such as References 20,35,36) have considered minimal power imbalance as the objective to obtain optimal islanding strategies. However, as the first contribution of this article, the proposed ICI approach jointly minimizes both the power imbalance and the power flow disruption to obtain more effective islanding solutions benefiting from the advantages of the both groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporating energy storage and demand response into intentional controlled islanding using time decomposition

Ghamsari‐Yazdel

Najafi

Amjady

2020

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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To improve electrical energy system resilience under catastrophic events, an efficient intentional controlled islanding (ICI) model is proposed in this article. The proposed remedial action relies on a new mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model which aims at minimizing the overall energy curtailment, power flow disruption, and generation and demand re-dispatches through a cost-based objective function. Another innovative characteristic of this model is demand response (DR) inclusion in the proposed ICI. To improve the balance between demand and supply of electricity, DR can be employed as an effective strategy in the ICI problem. In addition, another main original feature of the proposed model is considering energy storage units (ESUs) in each resulted island after the splitting process. To provide enough time for the system operator to re-dispatch the islands and to improve frequency stability of islands, a charging/discharging scheme is proposed for ESUs during ICI. Moreover, a new time decomposition is proposed to accurately model the fast and slow corrective actions considering their interactions. Using this time decomposition, energy curtailments, considering their period durations, are treated as decision variables in the ICI problem to minimize involuntary load shedding as the most expensive corrective action. The results of scrutinizing the proposed ICI framework on the IEEE 118-bus test system illustrate its performance. In addition, the results of the proposed ICI approach are compared with the results of other ICI models to illustrate the effectiveness of the new features of the proposed approach. K E Y W O R D S demand response, energy storage unit, frequency stability, intentional controlled islanding, mixed integer linear programming, time decomposition 1 | INTRODUCTION 1.1 | Motivation and background Uncontrolled power system separation with unstable islands, lack of voltage stability, and the hidden failures of local relays are the fundamental reasons to trigger cascading outages and recent blackouts. 1 The catastrophic socioeconomic consequences of these blackouts revealed the requirement to enhance resiliency and robustness of power systems

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An MILP formulation for controlled islanding coordinated with under frequeny load shedding plan

Cited by 21 publications

References 18 publications

Recent trends in integrity protection of power system: A literature review

Recent trends in integrity protection of power system: A literature review

WAMS-Supported Power Mismatch Optimization for Secure Intentional Islanding

Incorporating energy storage and demand response into intentional controlled islanding using time decomposition

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