An MCM2‐related gene is expressed in proliferating cells of intact and regenerating planarians

Salvetti, Alessandra; Rossi, L. P.; Deri, Paolo; Batistoni, Renata

doi:10.1002/1097-0177(2000)9999:9999<::aid-dvdy1016>3.3.co;2-3

Cited by 48 publications

(106 citation statements)

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“…These stem cells are referred to as neoblasts and they are the only proliferating somatic cells in the worm (Baguñà 1976;Newmark and Sánchez Alvarado 2000;Salvetti et al 2000;Orii et al 2005). In intact planarians, neoblasts are scattered throughout the parenchyma (mesenchyme) and their division progeny generate replacements for cells lost during the course of physiological cell turnover.…”

Section: The Planarian Schmidtea Mediterranea: An Emerging Model Orgasupporting

confidence: 52%

Germ Cell Specification and Regeneration in Planarians

Newmark

Wang

Chong

2008

Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology

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In metazoans, two apparently distinct mechanisms specify germ cell fate: Determinate specification (observed in animals including Drosophila, Caenorhabditis elegans, zebra fish, and Xenopus) uses cytoplasmic factors localized to specific regions of the egg, whereas epigenetic specification (observed in many basal metazoans, urodeles, and mammals) involves inductive interactions between cells. Much of our understanding of germ cell specification has emerged from studies of model organisms displaying determinate specification. In contrast, our understanding of epigenetic/inductive specification is less advanced and would benefit from studies of additional organisms. Freshwater planarians-widely known for their remarkable powers of regeneration-are well suited for studying the mechanisms by which germ cells can be induced. Classic experiments showed that planarians can regenerate germ cells from body fragments entirely lacking reproductive structures, suggesting that planarian germ cells could be specified by inductive signals. Furthermore, the availability of the genome sequence of the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea, coupled with the animal's susceptibility to systemic RNA interference (RNAi), facilitates functional genomic analyses of germ cell development and regeneration. Here, we describe recent progress in studies of planarian germ cells and frame some of the critical unresolved questions for future work.

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Section: The Planarian Schmidtea Mediterranea: An Emerging Model Orgasupporting

confidence: 52%

Germ Cell Specification and Regeneration in Planarians

Newmark

Wang

Chong

2008

Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology

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“…The planarian parenchyma is a mesodermal tissue with 20-30% of the cells in this space being putative neoblasts (Baguñà, 1976). Many of the parenchymal patterns (15/28) are specific to the parenchymal region which corresponds to the medial regions of the body surrounding the pharynx and to the more anterior part of the midline posterior to the pharynx ( show the typical expression pattern of proliferating neoblasts in the parenchyma (Salvetti et al, 2000;Orii et al, 2005;Reddien et al, 2005a;Salvetti et al, 2005;Guo et al, 2006;Rossi et al, 2006). A variation on this parenchymal expression pattern is seen for 4 out of 28 parenchymally expressed miRNAs ( Fig.1M' and Supplementary Fig.1G-I).…”

Section: Grouping Of the Different Expression Patterns Of Planarian Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4). This pattern is characteristic for neoblast markers (Salvetti et al, 2000;Rossi et al, 2006). In the case of those miRNAs where weak neural expression accompanied parenchymal expression the neural expression did not change during regeneration (Supplementary Fig 4).…”

Section: Expression Patterns Of Mirnas In Regenerating Planariansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse miRNA spatial expression patterns suggest important roles in homeostasis and regeneration in planarians

González‐Estévez¹,

Arseni²,

Thambyrajah³

et al. 2009

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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miRNAs are an important class of non-protein coding small RNAs whose specific functions in animals are rapidly being elucidated. It is clear that miRNAs can play crucial roles in stem cell maintenance, cell fate determination and differentiation. We use planarians, which possess a large population of pluripotent somatic stem cells, as a powerful model system to study many aspects of stem cell biology and regeneration. In particular we wish to investigate the regulatory role miRNAs may have in planarian stem cell self renewal, proliferation and differentiation. Here, we characterized the differential spatial patterns of expression of miRNAs in whole and regenerating planarians by in situ hybridization to nascent miRNA transcripts. These miRNA expression patterns are the first which have been determined for a Lophotrocozoan animal. We have characterized the expression patterns of 42 miRNAs in adult planarians, constituting a complete range of tissue specific expression patterns. We also followed miRNA expression during planarian regeneration. The majority of planarian miRNAs were expressed either in areas where stem cells (neoblasts) are located and/or in the nervous system. Some miRNAs were definitively expressed in stem cells and dividing cells as confirmed by in situ hybridisation after irradiation. We also found miRNAs to be expressed in germ stem cells of the sexual strain. Together, these data suggest an important role for miRNAs in stem cell regulation and in neural cell differentiation in planarians.

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“…Neoblasts are distributed throughout the planarian parenchyma. In addition, neoblasts are accumulated in multiple clusters along the midline and the lateral lines in the dorsal parenchyma (Salvetti et al, 2000;Orii et al, 2005). During regeneration, neoblasts proliferate and accumulate beneath the wound epithelium, giving rise to the regenerative blastema (Salò and Baguñà, 2002;Rossi, et al, 2006).…”

Section: Djstag Is Expressed In the Juvenile Planariansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular cloning and expression pattern of the DjStag gene in the planarian Dugesia japonica during embryonic development

2014

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ABSTRACT. We examined STAG-related gene (DjStag) expression in the planarian Dugesia japonica. This species is common in Far Eastern countries. The DjStag cDNA includes 1362 bp and contains a 489-bp open reading frame corresponding to a deduced protein of 162 amino acids, with a 170-bp 5'-UTR and a 703-bp 3'-UTR. Phylogenetic analysis showed that DjStag is an STAG/STAG-like member. We examined the expression pattern of DjStag in this planarian during embryonic development by whole-mount in situ hybridization. DjStag was detected in embryonic cells in the germ band at early embryo stages. The number of DjStag-positive embryonic cells increased in stage 5. Later, it was mainly expressed in lateral region parenchyma. In juveniles, extensive expression of DjStag was observed not only in the head and tail regions, but also in the parenchyma between the epidermis and the gastrodermis. We conclude that DjStag is expressed in the cellular subset that will become the neoblast cells of the adult flatworm. DjStag may play an essential role in spatial and temporal regulation during planarian embryonic development.

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An MCM2‐related gene is expressed in proliferating cells of intact and regenerating planarians

Cited by 48 publications

References 0 publications

Germ Cell Specification and Regeneration in Planarians

Germ Cell Specification and Regeneration in Planarians

Diverse miRNA spatial expression patterns suggest important roles in homeostasis and regeneration in planarians

Molecular cloning and expression pattern of the DjStag gene in the planarian Dugesia japonica during embryonic development

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