An ionic liquid treatment and fractionation of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin from oil palm empty fruit bunch

Mohtar, Safia Syazana; Busu, Tengku Nur Zulaikha Tengku Malim; Noor, Ahmad Mujahid Md; Shaari, Norsalliana; Mat, Hanapi

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.02.102

Cited by 107 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…ILs have the capability to disrupt various linkages between the components in the LCBM by the formation of several types of interactions such as hydrogen bond, dipoledipole, and van der Waals interactions [39]. Pyridinium formate (PyFor) showed a high capacity for the dissolution of kraft lignin (70 w/w%) at a relatively lower temperature (75°C) [40].…”

Section: Organosolv Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Characterization of Lignin and Its Degradation Products with Spectroscopic Methods

Hong-qin

et al. 2017

Journal of Spectroscopy

227

103

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Lignin is highly branched phenolic polymer and accounts 15-30% by weight of lignocellulosic biomass (LCBM). The acceptable molecular structure of lignin is composed with three main constituents linked by different linkages. However, the structure of lignin varies significantly according to the type of LCBM, and the composition of lignin strongly depends on the degradation process. Thus, the elucidation of structural features of lignin is important for the utilization of lignin in high efficient ways. Up to date, degradation of lignin with destructive methods is the main path for the analysis of molecular structure of lignin. Spectroscopic techniques can provide qualitative and quantitative information on functional groups and linkages of constituents in lignin as well as the degradation products. In this review, recent progresses on lignin degradation were presented and compared. Various spectroscopic methods, such as ultraviolet spectroscopy, Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, for the characterization of structural and compositional features of lignin were summarized. Various NMR techniques, such as 1 H, 13 C, 19 F, and 31 P, as well as 2D NMR, were highlighted for the comprehensive investigation of lignin structure. Quantitative 13 C NMR and various 2D NMR techniques provide both qualitative and quantitative results on the detailed lignin structure and composition produced from various processes which proved to be ideal methods in practice.

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Section: Organosolv Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Characterization of Lignin and Its Degradation Products with Spectroscopic Methods

Hong-qin

et al. 2017

Journal of Spectroscopy

227

103

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“…The two peaks appearing at 62.56 and 64.89 ppm are attributed to carbon six (C6), and correspond to amorphous and crystalline parts in the cellulose structure, respectively [30,41]. The group of peaks from 72.09 to 74.74 ppm is due to C2, C3, and C5, the two peaks at 83.54 and 88.74 ppm correspond to C4, due to the crystalline and the amorphous part of cellulose, respectively [42,43], and C1 has associated the peak appearing at 104.89 ppm [30,44]. The two additional signals at 171.93 ppm (C7) and 21.13 ppm (C8) are related to the acetylation of cellulose during the extraction process, and it is consistent with the information provided by FTIR analysis.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Bioadsorbentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of a Low-Cost Cellulose-Based Bioadsorbent for the Effective Recovery of Terbium Ions from Aqueous Solutions

Alcaraz¹,

Saquinga²,

López³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Preparation of a low-cost cellulose-based bioadsorbent from the cellulosic material extracted from the rose stems (CRS) was carried out; rose stems were considered agricultural wastes. After the required pretreatment of this waste, and its further treatment with an acidic mixture of acetic and nitric acids, the CRS product was yielded. The resulting bioadsorbent was characterized by several techniques, such as X-ray diffraction, which revealed diffraction maxima related to cellulose structure, whose calculated crystallinity index (CrI) was 75 %. In addition, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) showed signs of acetylation of the sample, also, the thermal properties of the solid was evaluated through Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed cellulose fibers before and after the adsorption process, some particles with not regular shapes were also observed. The CRS bioadsorbent was used in the effective adsorption of valuable Tb(III) from aqueous solution. The adsorption data resulted in a better fit to the Freundlich isotherm, and pseudo-second-order kinetic models; however, chemisorption had not been ruled out. Finally, desorption experiments revealed a recovery of terbium ions with an efficiency of 97 % from terbium-loaded bioadsorbent.

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“…ILs can also deconstruct and fractionate lignocellulose. Once lignocellulosic biomass is dissolved, it can be fractionated into its principal components by the addition of antisolvents, which leads to the selective precipitation of lignin, cellulose or hemicellulose [35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. There is a plethora of studies of IL dissolution of lignocellulosic biomass, where ionic liquids of the imidazolium type are the best solvents [33,[42][43][44][45][46][47].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractionation of Lignocellulosic Biomass by Selective Precipitation from Ionic Liquid Dissolution

et al. 2019

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We propose the treatment of barley straw with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate [EMIMAcO] ionic liquids (ILs) and subsequent precipitation with antisolvent mixtures, thus allowing the separation of the sugar-rich fractions (cellulose and hemicellulose) from the lignin fraction. For this purpose, different concentration ranges of acetone:water antisolvent mixtures were studied. In all cases, a high recovery percentage and a high and effective separation of fractions was achieved for 1:1 acetone:water. The fractionated lignocellulosic compounds were studied by using infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance characterization techniques. This method allows the possibility of reusing IL, confirming the versatility of the established method. The fraction rich in cellulose and hemicellulose was subjected to acid hydrolysis (0.2 mol/L H2SO4) for 5 h at 140 °C, obtaining a yield of total reducing sugars of approximately 80%, much higher than those obtained in non-pretreated samples.

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An ionic liquid treatment and fractionation of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin from oil palm empty fruit bunch

Cited by 107 publications

References 40 publications

Structural Characterization of Lignin and Its Degradation Products with Spectroscopic Methods

Structural Characterization of Lignin and Its Degradation Products with Spectroscopic Methods

Application of a Low-Cost Cellulose-Based Bioadsorbent for the Effective Recovery of Terbium Ions from Aqueous Solutions

Fractionation of Lignocellulosic Biomass by Selective Precipitation from Ionic Liquid Dissolution

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