An Investigation of the Relationships between Beliefs about an Object and the                 Attitude toward that Object

Fishbein, Martin

doi:10.1177/001872676301600302

Cited by 1,260 publications

(722 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…These studies explore causal relationships by means of 'variance' analysis, which estimates how much of an outcome (or dependent) variable is explained by relevant explanatory (or independent) variables (Smallman & Moore, 2010). The theories of Reasoned Action and Planned Behaviour, which are based on the expectancy-value model of attitudes (Fishbein, 1963), are examples of sequential theories which continue to be used by tourism researchers (Oh & Hsu, 2001;Quintal et al, 2010). These models continue to be criticised by several researchers, who challenge their assumptions.…”

Section: Decision-makingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumer behaviour in tourism: Concepts, influences and opportunities

Cohen

Prayag

Moital

2013

Current Issues in Tourism

505

321

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Although consumer behaviour (CB) is one of the most researched areas in the field of tourism, few extensive reviews of the body of knowledge in this area exist. This review article examines what we argue are the key concepts, external influences and opportune research contexts in contemporary tourism CB research. Using a narrative review, we examine the CB literature published in three major tourism journals from 2000 to 2012. Of 519 articles identified and reviewed, 191 are included in this article. We examine the development of and scope for future research on nine key concepts, including decision-making, values, motivations, self-concept and personality, expectations, attitudes, perceptions, satisfaction, trust and loyalty. We then examine three important external influences on tourism behaviour, technology, Generation Y and the rise in concern over ethical consumption. Finally, we identify and discuss five research contexts that represent major areas for future scholarship: group and joint decision-making, under-researched segments, cross-cultural issues in emerging markets, emotions and consumer misbehaviour. Our examination of key research gaps is concluded by arguing that the hedonic and affective aspects of CB research in tourism must be brought to bear on the wider CB and marketing literature.Keywords: consumption; travel; behaviour; marketing; research agenda Introduction Consumer behaviour (CB) involves certain decisions, activities, ideas or experiences that satisfy consumer needs and wants (Solomon, 1996). It is 'concerned with all activities directly involved in obtaining, consuming and disposing of products and services, including the decision processes that precede and follow these actions' (Engel, Blackwell, & Miniard, 1995, p. 4). CB remains one of the most researched areas in the marketing and tourism fields, with the terms 'travel behaviour' or 'tourist behaviour' typically used to describe this area of inquiry. Few comprehensive reviews of the literature on CB concepts and models exist in the field of tourism. Exceptions include Moutinho (1993) who reviews the social and psychological influences on individual travel behaviour with the aim of developing a model of tourist behaviour and Dimanche and Havitz (1995) Tourism, 2014 Vol. 17, No. 10, 872 -909, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2013 four concepts (ego-involvement, loyalty and commitment, family decision-making and novelty-seeking) in an attempt to methodologically advance CB in tourism studies.A lack of comprehensive reviews is not only due to the extensive breadth of the topic area itself, but also because travel behaviour is generally considered as a continuous process that includes varied yet inter-correlated stages and concepts that cannot always be analysed separately (Mill & Morrison, 2002). Tourism researchers have reviewed individual concepts (e.g. Riley, Niininen, Szivas, & Willis, 2001, on loyalty), specific influences (e.g. Moutinho, 1993, on social influences on CB), and particular research contexts (e.g. Hong, Lee, L...

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Section: Decision-makingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumer behaviour in tourism: Concepts, influences and opportunities

Cohen

Prayag

Moital

2013

Current Issues in Tourism

505

321

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“…The more positive an individual's attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control, the greater the likelihood that the individual intends to carry out the behaviour when the opportunity arises. Based on the expectancy-value model (Fishbein 1963) attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control are considered to be comprised of two components: beliefs and an evaluation of those beliefs (i.e. belief strength).…”

Section: The Theory Of Planned Behavior (Tpb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Motivations matter: Behavioural determinants of preferences for remote and unfamiliar environmental goods

Bӧrger

Hattam

2017

Ecological Economics

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“…The items in both scales were essentially the same, differing only in that in the first case respondents were asked to record what attributes of a zoo were important to them and in the second, how they evaluated Hamilton Zoo on the same items. In short, a Fishbein (1963Fishbein ( , 1967 importance-evaluation approach was adopted. Basically, this argues that attitudes comprise cognitive and affective components and thus knowledge (or an assessment of what is thought to be pertinent and important) and its evaluation through experience are key components in attitude formation.…”

Section: The Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

The Zoo as Ecotourism Attraction – Visitor Reactions, Perceptions and Management Implications: The Case of Hamilton Zoo, New Zealand

Ryan¹,

Saward²

2004

Journal of Sustainable Tourism

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This paper reports results from a survey of 359 visitors to Hamilton Zoo, New Zealand. The questionnaire comprised items relating to motives for visiting the zoo, and evaluations of attributes, thereby permitting an importance-evaluation approach. The construction of the questionnaire was prompted by zoo management wishing to learn more about what motivated visits, and whether there were perceived deficiencies in visitors' experiences of the zoo. Like other studies (e.g. Turley, 2001) it was concluded that zoos represent an opportunity for family-based trips. However, while some opportunities exist for learning, on the whole visitors were not generally interested in acquiring detailed information about wildlife. Indeed, more importance was attached to the viewing of animals than to the recognition that possibly animals might require 'private places'. These findings prompt a discussion about the extent to which zoos might be able to replace or supplement trips to natural habitats as a means of viewing animals, and concludes that for this to happen significant changes in zoo layout would be required. Additionally, possible implications for zoo management are discussed.

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An Investigation of the Relationships between Beliefs about an Object and the Attitude toward that Object

Cited by 1,260 publications

References 6 publications

Consumer behaviour in tourism: Concepts, influences and opportunities

Consumer behaviour in tourism: Concepts, influences and opportunities

Motivations matter: Behavioural determinants of preferences for remote and unfamiliar environmental goods

The Zoo as Ecotourism Attraction – Visitor Reactions, Perceptions and Management Implications: The Case of Hamilton Zoo, New Zealand

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