An investigation of plasmids from Staphylococcus aureus that mediate resistance to mupirocin and tetracycline

Needham, C.; Rahman, Mary; Dyke, K. G. H.; Noble, W. C.

doi:10.1099/00221287-140-10-2577

Cited by 56 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…pT181-like plasmids have also been detected either integrated in the large plasmids or in the chromosome. They were always flanked by directly repeated insertion sequences of the type IS257 (Needham et al, 1994;Werckenthin et al, 1996), a small (0,79 kb) mobile genetic element originally detected in S. aureus (Rouch and Skurray, 1989).…”

Section: Active Efflux Determinants Of Grampositive Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This variant of mobilization, called donation, results in the copies of only the mobilized plasmid in the transconjugant (Projan and Archer, 1989). In the cis case, the plasmid is transferred as a cointegrate with a conjugative element (it results from the integration of the conjugative transposon into the plasmid or of the small plasmid into the conjugative plasmid) which provides all the transfer functions and carries along the small plasmid when it transfers its own DNA during the conjugation (Needham et al, 1994;Salyers et al, 1995b). This model of mobilization, called conduction, results in transconjugants carrying copies of both elements (Projan and Archer, 1989).…”

Section: Active Efflux Determinants Of Grampositive Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tetracyclines in veterinary medicine and bacterial resistance to them

Michalova¹,

PNovotna²,

Schlegelová³

2004

Vet. Med.

117

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Since their discovery in 1945, tetracyclines have been used extensively in the therapy and prophylaxis of infectious diseases and as growth promoters. These wide applications have led to the equally fast spread of tetracycline resistant strains of gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial genera, including strains belonging to pathogenic as well as nonpathogenic species. Nonpathogenic bacteria could act as a reservoir of resistance determinants, which can be disseminated by horizontal transfer into pathogens. More than thirty different tetracycline resistance genes have been characterized. They encode two major mechanisms of resistance: 1 -active efflux of the antibiotic, and 2 -protection of ribosomes. Further mechanisms of tetracycline resistance include enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic, permeability barriers, mutations or multidrug transporter systems. Effective horizontal spread is favoured by the location of tetracycline resistance genes on mobile genetic elements such as plasmids and transposons. Their exchange, enhanced by the use of tetracyclines, is observed between bacteria of the same or different species and genera as well. Thus, questions of reevaluating and global reducing of tetracyclines in human and animal healthcare and food production are extensively discussed.

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Section: Active Efflux Determinants Of Grampositive Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Active Efflux Determinants Of Grampositive Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Tetracyclines in veterinary medicine and bacterial resistance to them

Michalova¹,

PNovotna²,

Schlegelová³

2004

Vet. Med.

117

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“…Clinical resistance in staphylococci has been reported to be due to the expression of the gene mupA which codes for an isoleucyltRNA synthetase with reduced affinity to mupirocin [26]. Gene mupA has been identified on plasmids of different sizes in S. aureus of human origin [48], but also in a single S. aureus isolate from a mountain goat [105].…”

Section: Resistance To Mupirocinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial resistance in staphylococci from animals with particular reference to bovine Staphylococcus aureus, porcine Staphylococcus hyicus, and canine Staphylococcus intermedius

et al. 2001

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-Besides their role as commensals on the skin and mucosal surfaces, staphylococci may be involved in a wide variety of diseases in animals. Staphylococcal infections in animals are mainly treated with antimicrobial agents and as a consequence, staphylococci from animal sources have developed and/or acquired resistance to the respective antimicrobial agents. Resistance statistics obtained from national monitoring programmes on staphylococci from cattle and pigs, but also from surveillance studies on staphylococci involved in diseases in dogs are reported and reviewed with regard to their comparability. This review mainly focusses on the genetic basis of antimicrobial resistance in staphylococci of animal origin. Particular attention is paid to resistance to those antimicrobial agents which are most frequently used in veterinary medicine, but also to antimicrobial agents, such as chloramphenicol and mupirocin, which are used in specific cases for the control of staphylococcal infections in pets and companion animals. In addition, plasmids and transposons associated with the respective resistance properties and their ways of spreading between members of the same or different staphylococcal species, but also between staphylococci and other gram-positive bacteria, are described.antimicrobial resistance / Staphylococcus / animal origin / epidemiology / horizontal gene transfer Vet. Res. 32 (2001) 341

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“…Southern blotting of the DNA gels was as described previously [13]. The DNA was hybridised with a specific IS257 probe, a 630-bp HindIII fragment cloned into pIB 1644 [14]. Bacterial clones were defined as proposed by Tenover et al [4].…”

Section: Pfgementioning

confidence: 99%