An investigation into the relationships between convergent and divergent thinking, schizotypy, and autistic traits

Claridge, Gordon; McDonald, Anna

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2009.01.018

Cited by 57 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In contrast to Claridge and McDonald (2009) we did find a relationship between autistic traits and divergent thinking on the Wallach-Kogan figures, also in a nonclinical population. This may be because our sample size was more than three times larger than that obtained by Claridge and McDonald.…”

Section: Limitationscontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Happé and Vital (2009) in a population-based twin study found autistic-traits, and specifically 'restricted and repetitive behaviours and interests', were more pronounced in children reported to have talents outstripping older children. An important study looking at both schizotypy and autistic traits in relation to divergent thinking (Claridge and McDonald 2009) did not find any relationship between divergent thinking (responses assessed for creativity not fluency) and autistic traits. However, the authors note that their study was limited by a small sample size (77 students).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This study assessed the relationship between autistic traits as assessed by the SATQ, divergent thinking and ambiguous figure perception. Divergent thinking was assessed using the alternate uses tasks (as used by Wiseman et al 2011) and Wallach-Kogan figures (as used by Turner 1999;Claridge and McDonald 2009;Doherty and Mair 2012). The hypotheses were as follows:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relationship Between Subthreshold Autistic Traits, Ambiguous Figure Perception and Divergent Thinking

Best

Arora

Porter

et al. 2015

J Autism Dev Disord

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This research investigates the paradox of creativity in autism. That is, whether people with subclinical autistic traits have cognitive styles conducive to creativity or whether they are disadvantaged by the implied cognitive and behavioural rigidity of the autism phenotype. The relationship between divergent thinking (a cognitive component of creativity), perception of ambiguous figures, and self-reported autistic traits was evaluated in 312 individuals in a non-clinical sample. High levels of autistic traits were significantly associated with lower fluency scores on the divergent thinking tasks. However autistic traits were associated with high numbers of unusual responses on the divergent thinking tasks. Generation of novel ideas is a prerequisite for creative problem solving and may be an adaptive advantage associated with autistic traits.

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Section: Limitationscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Relationship Between Subthreshold Autistic Traits, Ambiguous Figure Perception and Divergent Thinking

Best

Arora

Porter

et al. 2015

J Autism Dev Disord

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“…For instance, borderline personality is a common trait of both the third and fourth factors, and magical thinking is found in both the first and third factors. More importantly, positive schizotypy or unusual expedences and impulsive nonconformity are loaded on the same factor with extroversion, whereas negative schizotypy or introvertive anhedonia and cognitive disorganization are loaded on introversion (Claridge et al, 1996). This perspective tallies with that of Prentky (1980), who offered a model suggesting different creative processing in the introverted and extroverted types of schizotypy.…”

supporting

confidence: 56%

“…The latter also reported that negative schizotypy scores were positively correlated with introversion. As mentioned in the beginning of this article, Claridge et al (1996) suggested that four factors of schizotypy could be reduced into two dimensions: extroversion and introversion. Specifically, positive and impulsive schizotypy loaded on extroversion, and negative and introvertive anhedonia loaded on introversion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A multilevel meta-analysis of the relationship between creativity and schizotypy.

Acar¹,

Şen²

2013

Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts

116

103

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The purpose of this study is to obtain a more coherent picture of the relationship between creativity and schizotypy. A multilevel approach was used to ensure the statistical independence of multiple effect sizes from a single study. The mean effect size was r = .07 {SD = .20) based on the analyses from 45 articles yielding 268 effect sizes. The analyses, including five moderators (i.e., the type of schizotypy, measure of schizotypy, measure of creativity, content of creativity test, and index of creativity measure) within a three-level model, indicated that the type of schizotypy was the only significant predictor. Positive-Impulsive and Unspecified schizotypy each had positive relationships with creativity (r = .14, 95% CI = .12 and .17), whereas Negative-Disorganized schizotypy was negatively related (r = -.09, 95% CI = -.12, -.06). None of the creativity-related moderators explained the variation. Our findings revealed that the link between creativity and schizotypy is not uniform and that positive symptoms represent the intersection of creativity and schizotypy., 1

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How Cognitive Control, Autistic and Schizotypal Traits Shape Context Adaptation of Divergent Thinking

Ramain

Möhr

Abu‐Akel

2021

Journal of Creative Behavior

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Divergent thinking, the ability to generate multiple ideas from different perspectives, is considered a central component of the creative thinking process. While context, personality traits, and cognitive control abilities have individually been shown to have large effects on divergent thinking, their interrelationship is yet to be elucidated. In 83 healthy participants (Males = 42%), we investigated how context adaptation of divergent thinking is related to normal variations in autistic and positive schizotypal traits as well as to proactive and reactive cognitive control strategies. Context adaptation of divergent thinking-defined as the variance in the proportion of unique to total responses of a drawing divergent thinking task performed across four different contexts-was predicted by a 3-way interaction of autistic traits, positive schizotypal traits, and cognitive control. Specifically, increasing reactive control improved context adaptation when positive schizotypal traits were high and autistic traits were low, while increasing proactive control was associated with improved context adaptation when both autistic and positive schizotypal traits were high. Both modes of cognitive control can enhance the ability to generate unique ideas across contexts, but this depends on the individuals' specific combinations of autistic and positive schizotypal trait levels.

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An investigation into the relationships between convergent and divergent thinking, schizotypy, and autistic traits

Cited by 57 publications

References 27 publications

The Relationship Between Subthreshold Autistic Traits, Ambiguous Figure Perception and Divergent Thinking

The Relationship Between Subthreshold Autistic Traits, Ambiguous Figure Perception and Divergent Thinking

A multilevel meta-analysis of the relationship between creativity and schizotypy.

How Cognitive Control, Autistic and Schizotypal Traits Shape Context Adaptation of Divergent Thinking

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