An Invasive Plant Paradox

Rout, Marnie E.; Callaway, Ragan M.

doi:10.1126/science.1173651

Cited by 113 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, it has already infested large tracts of land in the industrial and residential areas. The same trend was reported in other countries by El-Keblawy and Al-Rawai [8] , Rout and Callaway [9] . ), Inderjit et al [10] .…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Studies on Seed Germination and Seedling Emergence of Mesquite, Prosopis juliflora (Swartz) DC. in Sudan Gezira

Morgan¹,

Hamdoun²,

Bashir³

2017

ujar

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Mesquite, Prosopis juliflora (Swartz) DC, was introduced in many semi-arid areas of Sudan to combat desertification and provide fuel wood and fodder. However, it spread rapidly into fertile, productive areas, and irrigation and drainage channels, particularly in some of the major irrigated schemes. Nursery experiments were conducted at the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan, to investigate water uptake by seeds, germination-rate, sowing depth, acid scarification and animal feeding of intact pods on germination and seedling emergence. Pods were collected from town, or the National Tree Seed Center laboratory. Seeds were used immediately after extraction. Petri-dishes with filter paper or plastic pots were used. Treatments were arranged in CRB design, with 4-6 replicates. Data were subjected to ANOVA and DMRT. The results revealed that the seeds have high ability to absorb water and exhibited high rate of germination, especially in the second wk after sowing (96%). Seeds placed on the soil surface failed to germinate, while those buried at depths of 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 cm displayed 100, 75, 60 and 40% germination, respectively. Seedling emergence was delayed by deep burial and amounted to 100 and 50% at depth of 2.5 and 5cm, respectively. Seeds germinated and seedlings have emerged at high rates (100%), when treated with sulfuric acid (60%v/v) for 5 min. they germinated and seedlings emerged normally, when extracted from sheep droppings.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Studies on Seed Germination and Seedling Emergence of Mesquite, Prosopis juliflora (Swartz) DC. in Sudan Gezira

Morgan¹,

Hamdoun²,

Bashir³

2017

ujar

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“…Comparisons of invasives with conspecifics from their native range (Callaway et al 2004) or heterospecifics in the invaded range (Klironomos 2002) show that in general, invasive species experience positive plant-soil feedbacks or are simply less dependent on mutualists in the soil (Seifert et al 2009). In focusing our study on populations within the invaded range rather than on sampling the invasive range as a homogeneous entity, we have found that in contrast to earlier research and theoretical predictions (Rout and Callaway 2009), invasive populations may experience a range of feedbacks across their invaded range. Different feedbacks may result in varying rates of expansion for different populations.…”

Section: Plant-soil Feedbacksmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Invasives often exude chemicals that disrupt symbioses between native plant species and beneficial microbes (Wardle et al 1994, Wolfe et al 2008 or otherwise alter the composition of soil microbial communities (Batten et al 2008). These distinctive invaded soils may affect the success of subsequent generations of plants growing at that site, creating a feedback loop in which soil conditions promoted by an invasive species promote further invasion (a positive plant-soil feedback; Klironomos 2002, Callaway et al 2004, Rout and Callaway 2009). Plant-soil feedbacks are abiotic or biotic soil-based mechanisms that account for shifts in plant population size and community composition (van der Putten et al 1993, Bever 1994.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil biota drive expression of genetic variation and development of population‐specific feedbacks in an invasive plant

Felker‐Quinn

Bailey

Schweitzer

2011

Ecology

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Abstract. Invasive plant species alter soils in ways that may affect the success of subsequent generations, creating plant-soil feedbacks. Ailanthus altissima is an invasive tree introduced two centuries ago to North America. We hypothesized that geographically distinct populations of A. altissima have established feedbacks specific to their local environment, due to soil communities cultivated by A. altissima. We collected seeds and soils from three populations in the eastern United States, and in the greenhouse reciprocally planted all families in all collected soils as well as in a control mixed soil, and in soils that had been irradiated for sterilization. There were positive plant-soil feedbacks for two populations in the live field-collected soils, but strong negative feedbacks for the third population. There were no population-level performance differences or feedbacks in the sterilized population locale soils, supporting a soil biotic basis for feedbacks and for the expression of genetic differentiation in A. altissima. If populations of Ailanthus altissima vary in the extent to which they benefit from and promote these plant-soil biota feedbacks, the interaction between invader and invaded community may be more important in determining the course of invasion than are the characteristics of either alone.

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“…With respect to ecohydrology, woody species encroachment has been found to modify water distribution in soils through shifts in transpiration rates, more precipitation interception, and less water infiltration, potentially resulting in drier soils (Liao et al 2008, Rout and Callaway 2009, Boutton and Liao 2010, Awada et al 2013. These changes have negative impacts on grasses and resilience of the these ecosystems (Diez et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecophysiological responses of native invasive woody Juniperus virginiana L. to resource availability and stand characteristics in the semiarid grasslands of the Nebraska Sandhills

Msanne¹,

Awada²,

Bryan³

et al. 2017

Photosynt.

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Vegetation in grasslands is changing at an unprecedented rate. In the Nebraska Sandhills, this shift is attributed in part to encroachment of the woody species Juniperus virginiana. We investigated changes in resource availability and their N, and N content, compared to grasslands. Water potential was higher in trees in grasslands compared to dense stand. J. virginiana in dense stand exhibited similar trends to trees in grasslands for net photosynthetic rate (P N ), stomatal conductance, transpiration, maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII, maximum carboxylation velocity, and maximum rate of electron transport. P N peaked early summer and declined in the fall, with trees in open grasslands lagging behind those in dense stand. Plasticity of this species may place it at a competitive advantage in the Sandhills, further altering grasslands vegetation and ecosystem processes.

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An Invasive Plant Paradox

Cited by 113 publications

References 16 publications

Studies on Seed Germination and Seedling Emergence of Mesquite, Prosopis juliflora (Swartz) DC. in Sudan Gezira

Studies on Seed Germination and Seedling Emergence of Mesquite, Prosopis juliflora (Swartz) DC. in Sudan Gezira

Soil biota drive expression of genetic variation and development of population‐specific feedbacks in an invasive plant

Ecophysiological responses of native invasive woody Juniperus virginiana L. to resource availability and stand characteristics in the semiarid grasslands of the Nebraska Sandhills

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