An introduction to trauma

Altmaier, Elizabeth M.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-811975-4.00001-0

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…However, the term ‘natural disasters’ was used in this review due to its overwhelming use in the literature and because alternative phrases such as ‘extreme weather events’ exclude important disasters like earthquakes. Natural disasters were defined broadly as unavoidable environmental events that create fear of injury, loss of property and dislocation of residence and a wide range of search terms were used to reflect this (Altmaier, 2019 ). While the WHO defines mental health broadly as a state of wellbeing, for the purposes of a targeted search strategy, common mental disorders and their symptoms associated with natural disasters were focused on – depression, anxiety and PTSD.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The existing literature often conflates natural disasters and conflict (Roudini et al, 2017 ; Troup et al, 2021 ). This is problematic because they are fundamentally different in nature with differing impacts on mental health (Altmaier, 2019 ), for example, the anger and paranoia following the Mumbai riots in 1992–1993 compared to persistent grief following the Indian Ocean tsunami (Makwana, 2019 ). Furthermore, different natural disasters may have different psychosocial impacts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Barriers and Facilitators to the Implementation of Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Programmes Following Natural Disasters in Developing Countries: a Systematic Review

Rowe,

Nadkarni

2023

Camb. prisms Glob. ment. health

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Climate change is leading to more frequent and intense natural disasters, with developing countries particularly at risk. However, most research concerning mental health and natural disasters is based in high-income country settings. It is critically important to provide a mental health response to such events, given the negative psychosocial impacts they elicit. The aim of this systematic review is to explore the barriers and facilitators to implementing mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) following natural disasters in developing countries. Eight databases were searched for relevant quantitative and qualitative studies from developing countries. Only studies reporting barriers and/or facilitators to delivering MHPSS in response to natural disasters in a low-or middle-income country were included and full texts were critically appraised using the McGill University Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Reported barriers and facilitators were extracted and analysed thematically. Thirty-seven studies were included in the review, reflecting a range of natural disaster settings and developing countries. Barriers to implementing MHPSS included cultural relevance, resources for mental health, accessibility, disaster specific factors and mental health stigma. Facilitators identified included social support, cultural relevance and task-sharing approaches. A number of practical approaches can be used to facilitate the implementation of MHPSS in developing country settings. However, more research is needed on MHPSS in the developing country natural disaster context, especially in Africa, and international policies and guidelines need to be re-evaluated using a decolonial lens. Impact statementThis paper explores barriers and facilitators to delivering mental health and psychosocial support in developing countries following natural disasters. Given the vulnerability of the Global South to climate change, including increasingly frequent and intense natural disasters, this paper offers important learnings for both policy and programme delivery to build climate resilience and facilitate disaster response. It also addresses a key gap in the literature, which to date has predominantly focused on high-income country settings or in humanitarian contexts in general rather than specifically natural disasters.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers and Facilitators to the Implementation of Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Programmes Following Natural Disasters in Developing Countries: a Systematic Review

Rowe,

Nadkarni

2023

Camb. prisms Glob. ment. health

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“…Some scholars viewed meaning-making as integral to the recovery process and, thus, related to resilience and growth (Altmaier, 2017;Herman, 2015;McAdams & Jones, 2017;Park, 2010). McAdams and Jones (2017) wrote, "As natural-born storytellers, human beings cannot help but make meaning out of their personal experiences.…”

Section: Key Conceptual Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As such, making or rebuilding meaning appears to be a core component of recovering from trauma. Similar to theorists studying resilience and PTG, Altmaier (2017) argued that trauma has the potential to shatter core beliefs, referencing Janoff-Bulman's (1992) shattered assumptions theory, and meanings that an individual once had, leading to the possibility of new meanings to be developed throughout recovery. Janoff-Bulman (2006) wrote that both meaning-making and PTG are processes and outcomes in recognizing the complexity and depth of trauma, which includes positive and negative reactions that overtime may bring new beliefs, growth, and meaning.…”

Section: Key Conceptual Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Student stories of resilience after campus sexual assault

Driessen

2023

Qualitative Social Work

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Undergraduate students who experience campus sexual assault (CSA) are faced with a wide array of potentially detrimental mental health and educational outcomes that may significantly impact their sense of wellbeing. Many researchers have focused on documenting these consequences of CSA, but there is a dearth of research on students’ post-assault experiences. Specifically, there is a lack of scholarship exploring students’ lived experiences of navigating their post-assault lives in their campus environment through the lens of resilience. The purpose of this study was to explore the phenomenon of resilience among undergraduate students who have experienced CSA, through a qualitative phenomenological inquiry. This study used critical conceptual understandings of resilience, including socio-ecological and intersectional feminist theoretical perspectives and social work discourses of resilience, to further complicate how the phenomenon is often described in scholarship. The findings revealed four key themes of the phenomenon to include resilience within the context of agency, coping, connection, and hope. Recommendations and implications across social work research, policy, and practice are presented, specifically those identified by the participants as recommendations for change in addressing CSA and supporting student experiences of resilience.

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“…Keywords: therapy module; resilience; post-traumatic stress disorder; validation; istigfar dhikr PENDAHULUAN Gangguan stres pascatrauma dan resiliensi adalah dua fenomena yang banyak dialami oleh orang-orang yang mengalami berbagai peristiwa penting dalam kehidupannya, terutama dalam situasi yang tidak menyenangkan. Trauma sendiri merupakan gangguan psikis yang disebabkan oleh peristiwa yang dapat menyebabkan perubahan fisiologis dan beberapa dampak kesehatan lainnya (Altmaier, 2019). Foa dan Rothbaum (dalam Solichah, 2013) menyatakan bahwa bagi sebagian orang, kondisi trauma akan dapat teratasi dengan berjalannya waktu, namun sebagian yang lain tidak.…”

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Validasi Modul Terapi Zikir Istigfar Untuk Meningkatkan Resiliensi Dan Menurunkan Gejala Gangguan Stres Pascatrauma Pada Orang Dewasa

2022

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Berbagai hal dalam kehidupan berpotensi memunculkan peristiwa menegangkan bagi setiap individu. Peristiwa menegangkan tersebut dapat berupa kejadian yang disebabkan oleh alam maupun kejadian di masyarakat seperti bullying dan kekerasan. Hal ini dapat mempengaruhi munculnya gangguan psikologis seperti gangguan stres pascatrauma. Gangguan stres pascatrauma muncul seiring dengan tingkat resiliensi yang rendah. Sebaliknya, resiliensi akan mempengaruhi kemampuan individu untuk bangkit kembali setelah mengalami peristiwa traumatis. Maka, diperlukan intervensi yang tepat untuk individu dengan gejala gangguan stres pascatrauma dengan resiliensi yang rendah. Salah satu intervensi yang dapat digunakan untuk kondisi ini adalah terapi zikir istigfar. Namun, modul terkait dengan terapi tersebut belum tersedia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji validitas modul Terapi Zikir Istigfar dalam meningkatkan resiliensi dan menurunkan gejala gangguan stres pascatrauma pada orang dewasa. Modul ini terdiri dari psikoedukasi, latihan zikir istigfar, penugasan rumah, evaluasi dan terminasi. Uji validitas isi modul dilakukan oleh lima orang professional judgement, yaitu para psikolog yang berpraktik dalam bidang masing-masing. Validasi isi meliputi beberapa penilaian, yaitu materi, metode, media, aktivitas, lembar kerja dan waktu yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan modul. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, didapatkan koefisien validitas Aiken’s V bergerak dari 0,67 sampai 0,93. Uji keterbacaan juga dilakukan oleh delapan orang dewasa yang memiliki kriteria sesuai dengan pengguna modul. Hasil koefisien validitas Aiken’s V uji keterbacaan bergerak dari 0,83 sampai 0,88. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa modul ini memiliki validitas isi dan keterbacaan yang baik. Penyempurnaan modul dilakukan dengan memperbaiki beberapa kata dan kalimat agar lebih mudah dipahami oleh pembaca.

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An introduction to trauma

Cited by 8 publications

References 36 publications

Barriers and Facilitators to the Implementation of Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Programmes Following Natural Disasters in Developing Countries: a Systematic Review

Barriers and Facilitators to the Implementation of Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Programmes Following Natural Disasters in Developing Countries: a Systematic Review

Student stories of resilience after campus sexual assault

Validasi Modul Terapi Zikir Istigfar Untuk Meningkatkan Resiliensi Dan Menurunkan Gejala Gangguan Stres Pascatrauma Pada Orang Dewasa

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