An Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Study of Prostate Cancer

Shinmoto, Hiroshi; Tamura, Chiharu; Soga, Shigeyoshi; Shiomi, Eisuke; Yoshihara, Nobuyuki; Kaji, Tatsuru; Mulkern, Robert V.

doi:10.2214/ajr.11.8347

Cited by 102 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…During our scanning, the TE was not constant for each patient because of irregular respiration or variations in liver sizes. Another interpretation is that f is potentially sensitive to other bulky flow information, such as excretion of granules or glands, diffusion direction or diffusion pattern, and is not specific to perfusion uniquely (35)(36)(37). FNH contains bile ducts; therefore, after taking up a hepatocyte-specific contrast agent, delayed biliary excretion is possible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intravoxel incoherent motion: application in differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma and focal nodular hyperplasia

Luo

Jiang²,

Zhang³

2017

Diagn Interv Radiol

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A mong primary malignant hepatic tumors, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common disease and is highly associated with chronic hepatitis B and cirrhosis. Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) is the second most common benign focal liver lesion (1), and although it displays gentle biological behavior generally, it can cause abdominal pain or right upper quadrant discomfort occasionally. In terms of the extent of vascular supply during contrast enhancement, HCC and FNH both show a hyperarterialization pattern. HCC is characterized by rapid washout in portal and delayed phase compared with adjacent liver tissue, while FNH displays isointensity or mild hyperintensity in the venous phase because of its slower washout. Liver-specific contrast agents, such as gadoxetic acid, can provide unique information to diagnose these conditions more precisely; however, such agents increase the cost and time-consumption of diagnosis. Occasionally, HCC and FNH show confounding or atypical appearances on imaging, especially for high-or middle-grade differentiated HCC, leading to confusion, misdiagnosis ( Fig. 1), and even unnecessary interventions. Since the treatment of these two lesions is completely different, avoiding unnecessary invasive treatment or tests, such as biopsy, surgery, or interventional therapy, is vital for the prognosis and quality of life of the patient. Therefore, it is crucial to diagnose these conditions noninvasively and accurately before surgery.Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a functional technology to detect diffusion of water molecules and permits to capture more detailed disease information. For lesion detection, the signal intensity on diffusion-weighted image depends on several factors, particularly cell density. A B D O M I N A L I MAG I N G O R I G I N A L A R T I C L E PURPOSEWe aimed to explore whether intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM)-related parameters of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) demonstrate differences that could be used to differentiate and improve diagnostic efficiency. METHODSA total of 27 patients, including 22 with HCC and 5 with FNH, underwent liver 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging for routine sequences. They were concurrently examined by IVIM diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) scanning with 11 different b values (0-800 s/mm 2 ). IVIM-derived parameters, such as pure diffusion coefficient (D), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*), perfusion fraction (f ), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC total ), were quantified automatically by post-processing software and compared between HCC and FNH groups. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was then created to predict their diagnostic value. RESULTS

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intravoxel incoherent motion: application in differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma and focal nodular hyperplasia

Luo

Jiang²,

Zhang³

2017

Diagn Interv Radiol

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“…9 MRI data for 26 cases of histologically proven prostate cancer was used. MR images were acquired with a 3T scanner (Achieva, Philips Healthcare) using a six-channel phased array coil.…”

Section: Mri Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of Diffusion MR Imaging Data using a Gamma Distribution Model

Oshio

Shinmoto

Mulkern

2014

MRMS

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Purpose: Although many models have been proposed to interpret non-Gaussian diffusion MRI data in biological tissues, it is often difficult to see the correlation between the MRI data and the histological changes in the tissue. Among these models, so called statistical models, which assume the diffusion coefficient D is distributed continuously within a voxel, are more suitable for interpreting the data in a histological context than others. In this work, we examined a statistical model based on the gamma distribution.Methods: First, the proposed gamma model, the bi-exponential model, and the truncated Gaussian model were compared for goodness of fit. To evaluate diagnostic capability, area fractions of certain D ranges were evaluated. The area fraction for D < 1.0 mm 2 /s (frac < 1) was attributed to small cancer cells with restricted diffusion, and the area fraction for D > 3.0 mm 2 /s (frac > 3) was considered to reflect perfusion component. A clinical data set of histologically proven prostate cancer cases from previous study was used.Results: For the cancer tissue, the gamma model was better fit than the truncated Gaussian model, and there was no significant difference between the gamma model and the biexponential model. For the normal peripheral zone tissue, there was no significant differences among all models. In the 2D scatter plot of frac < 1 vs. frac > 3, Cancer and noncancer tissues were clearly separated.Conclusion: Using the proposed model, the diffusion MR data was well fit, and histological interpretation of the data appears possible.

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“…In prostate cancer, IVIM-derived variables (i.e. molecular diffusion coefficient D, and perfusion fraction f) were shown to be significantly lower than in benign prostate tissue [35–36]. Others found that high-grade prostate cancers had significantly lower D-values than low-grade lesion, allowing for a more accurate estimation of tumor grade than ADC [37].…”

Section: Dw-mri As a Tool For Risk-assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Others found that high-grade prostate cancers had significantly lower D-values than low-grade lesion, allowing for a more accurate estimation of tumor grade than ADC [37]. In another analysis, however, f and the perfusion-related diffusion coefficient (D*) were not significantly different in prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia [36] and further research will have to identify the true clinical value of this novel technique. Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) is a DWI-technique that takes into account that water molecules in biological tissues do not follow a Gaussian pattern of distribution.…”

Section: Dw-mri As a Tool For Risk-assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The expanding landscape of diffusion-weighted MRI in prostate cancer

et al. 2016

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The added value of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) for the detection, localization, and staging of primary prostate cancer has been extensively reported in original studies and meta-analyses. More recently, DW-MRI and related techniques have been used to non-invasively assess prostate cancer aggressiveness and estimate its biological behavior. The present article aims to summarize the potential applications of DW-MRI for non-invasive optimization of pretherapeutic risk assessment, patient management decisions, and evaluation of treatment response.

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An Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Study of Prostate Cancer

Abstract: IVIM DWI parameters are significantly different between prostate cancer and PZ. IVIM DWI may offer additional information for tissue characterization in the prostate gland.

Cited by 102 publications

References 25 publications

Intravoxel incoherent motion: application in differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma and focal nodular hyperplasia

Intravoxel incoherent motion: application in differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma and focal nodular hyperplasia

Interpretation of Diffusion MR Imaging Data using a Gamma Distribution Model

The expanding landscape of diffusion-weighted MRI in prostate cancer

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