An international study on land‐use and transport interaction

Webster, F; Paulley, Neil

doi:10.1080/01441649008716763

Cited by 28 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…These models ignore agricultural and ( Springer-Verlag 1999 natural areas or treat them in a super®cial way. The same holds true for the operational urban models such as developed by Anas (1982) and reviewed among others by Webster et al (1988) (see also Wegener 1994;Hayashi and Roy 1996). In addition there exists a range of models on agricultural land use, such as the Grondbalansen (Land Balance) model developed by LEI-DLO (1996), partly based on the Von Thunen approach of bid-prices, but these usually do not consider natural and urban areas in a systematic way (Schipper 1996) or regard them as exogenous.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 58%

LAND USE SCANNER: An integrated GIS based model for long term projections of land use in urban and rural areas

Hilferink¹,

Rietveld²

1999

Journal of Geographical Systems

113

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Abstract. This paper describes the structure of the LAND USE SCANNER model, a GIS based model developed to generate spatial forecasts for various types of land use for a large number of grids. The model basically allocates land according to bid prices for various types of land use. The possibility of government intervention in land use is taken into account among others by adding aggregate constraints. The model includes all relevant land use types such as residential, industrial, agricultural, natural areas and water. The model is driven by sectoral models providing forecasts of aggregate land use in various land use categories. An application of the ®rst version of the model is given for the Netherlands with some 200,000 grid cells. Further developments and re®nements of the model are planned for the near future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 58%

LAND USE SCANNER: An integrated GIS based model for long term projections of land use in urban and rural areas

Hilferink¹,

Rietveld²

1999

Journal of Geographical Systems

113

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“…To understand and model such behavioral responses, we need to make more and better use of time series data. Webster et al (1988) briefly describe the results of using seven of the nine models covered by the international study group on land use-transportation interaction (ISGLUTI) to project both zonal employment and population totals, using data for intervals from 3 to 12 years into the future. This includes versions of MEPLAN used in the studies of Sa0 Paolo, Brazil, and Bilbao, Spain, which apparently used specially developed follow-up survey data for the purpose (Echenique, 1985).…”

Section: Model Validation Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First EMPAL allocates employment across analysis zones in the forecast time period (period t) using prior period (t -1) accessibility, population, and employment totals. A typical sectoral breakdown might be two industrial (heavy and light), one basic nonindustrial, and one nonbasic (e.g., retail) sector (Webster et al, 1988). These are typically 5-year forecasts, DRAM next forecasts the future allocation of households using prior period (t -1) locational accessibilities but also using the forecast period t distribution of zonal employment.…”

Section: Dram Empal and Itlupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 2 lists the better-known and documented operational models, along with some of their applications to specific urbanized area studies. The table draws heavily on the models reported by the International Study Group on Land Use-Transportation Interaction (ISGLUTI) (Webster, Bly and Paulley, 1988),' on the survey of available models by Cambridge Systematics and The Hague Consulting Group (1991), and on the 'Coordinated through the British Transport and Road Research Laboratory, the ISGLUTI effort carried out comparisons of nine different land use-transportation models using data from cities in seven different developed countries (Annerstookt in the Netherlands; Tokyo and Osaka in Japan; Dortmund in Germany; Leeds in the England; Bilbao in Spain; Uppsala in Sweden; and Melbourne in Australia). Subsequent work has extended these model comparisons to (a) the application of more than one model to the same city (see Wegener, Mackett and Simmonds, 1991) and (b) the application of the same model to more than one city (Mackett, 1991b).…”

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confidence: 99%

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A technical review of urban land use - transportation models as tools for evaluating vehicle travel reduction strategies

Southworth¹

1995

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This report has been reproduced directly from the best available copy.Available to DOE EXECUTIVE SUMMARYThe continued growth of highway traffic in the United States has led to unwanted urban traffic congestion as well as to noticeable urban air quality problems. These problems include emissions covered by the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) and 199 1 Internodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA), as well as carbon dioxide and related "greenhouse gas" emissions. Urban travel also creates a major demand for imported oil. Therefore, for economic as well as environmental reasons, transportation planning agencies at both the state and metropolitan area level are focussing a good deal of attention on urban travel reduction policies. Much discussed policy instruments include those that encourage fewer trip starts, shorter trip distances, shifts to higher-occupancy vehicles or to nonvehicular modes, and shifts in the timing of trips from the more to the less congested periods of the day or week. Some analysts have concluded that in order to bring about sustainable reductions in urban traffic volumes, significant changes will be necessary in the way our households and businesses engage in daily travel. Such changes are likely to involve changes in the ways we organize and use traffic-generating and-attracting land within our urban areas. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the ability of current analytic methods and models to support both the evaluation and possibly the design of such vehicle travel reduction strategies, including those strategies involving the reorganization and use of urban land.The review is organized into three sections. Section 1 describes the nature of the problem we are trying to model, Section 2 reviews the state of the art in operational urban land use-transportation simulation models, and Section 3 provides a critical assessment of such models as useful urban transportation planning tools. A number of areas are identified where further model development or testing is required. The following is a synopsis of each section of the review.Section 1 of the review describes the considerable technical difficulties associated with identifying the causes and directions of urban traffic growth. It is concluded that to be effective, transportation planning needs to bring together an understanding of (1) how the transportation sector operates, (2) how trfic-generating and attracting land is developed, (3) how other technologies affect the demands for travel, (4) how modem companies make their siting and site relocation decisions, and (5) how the modem industrial lifestyles of today's households affect, and are in turn affected by, each of the above. Besides the complex conceptual issues involved, challenging practical issues result from the need to handle large amounts of spatially explicit data, and the need to consider a wide range of possible, and sometimes competing transportation control measures (TCM). Significant, sustainable, and socially acceptable travel reduction strategi...

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“…Van olyan vélemény is, miszerint a közúti közlekedési sebesség 20%-os növekedésének hatása a népesség decentralizációjára (szuburbanizációjára) nagyon kicsi, amennyiben összehasonlítjuk a népesség területi elhelyezkedésének autonóm folyamataival. Jóval nagyobb hatással van viszont a foglalkoztatás területi elhelyezkedésére (Webster-Bly-Paulley 1988). A tevékenységek decentralizációja két hatásban nyilvánult meg.…”

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Autópályák és a városi fejlődés

Tóth¹

2004

TéT

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AUTÓPÁLYÁK ÉS A VÁROSI FEJL ŐDÉS( Városszerkezet és autópályákAz amerikai és az európai városok kialakulásukat tekintve nagyon különböz őek. Az Amerikai Egyesült Államokban a városok mai szerkezete, a városok viszonylagos fiatalsága miatt köthet ő valamely közlekedési mód hatásához. Itt találhatunk olyan városokat, melyek kiépülésében dönt ő szerepe volt a kiköt őknek és a vasúti közlekedésnek (pl. Detroit, Chichago). Az USA-ban emellett elkülöníthetünk olyan városokat is, melyek szerkezetét dönt ően a vasút határozta meg (p1. Oklahoma City, Denver, Salt Lake City). E városokkal szembeállíthatók azon városok, amelyek tér-szerkezetét döntően az autópályák határozták meg (pl. Dallas, Houston, Phoenix).A nyugat-európai városok ettől sokban különböznek. Lévén, hogy sokkal régebbiek, sokuknak a középkorban kiépített városközpontja van. A közlekedés és ezen belül az autópályák hatása is máshogyan érintette őket, különböző okokra visszavezethetően. A városközpontok szerepe egészen más, mint Észak-Amerikában, itt jóval nagyobb a lakófunkció jelent ősége, így a térfolyamatok is másképpen érintették őket. Mindenesetre szerkezetük módosulásában nagy szerepet játszottak az autó-pályák (1. ábra).Az autópályák és a városi fejl ődés közötti kapcsolatról szóló vita hosszú ideig két dologra koncentrálódott: a központi városrészek csökkenésére, illetve a szuburbanizáció erősödésére. A probléma gyökere, hogy az ipari üzemek térbeli koncentráló-dása egyben települési, városi koncentrációval is jár, illetve befolyásolja az adott városok térbeli folyamatait. A gazdaság folyamatait követik a társadalom területi elhelyezkedésének változásai. A központi városrészekben gyakran nagyobbak az egy főre jutó kiadások, illetve magasabb az adóteher, mint a küls ő településeken, s ezzel megindul az elvándorlás els ő hulláma. E folyamatok súlyosbodtak, amikor a legfelsőbb rétegek, illetve a legtöbb adót termel ő vállalatok elmenekültek a szuburbiákba (Boarnet-Haughwout 2000).

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An international study on land‐use and transport interaction

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

LAND USE SCANNER: An integrated GIS based model for long term projections of land use in urban and rural areas

LAND USE SCANNER: An integrated GIS based model for long term projections of land use in urban and rural areas

A technical review of urban land use - transportation models as tools for evaluating vehicle travel reduction strategies

Autópályák és a városi fejlődés

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