An international glossary for GENERAL/FAMILY PRACTICE

Bentzen, Niels; Bridges‐Webb, C

doi:10.1093/fampra/12.3.267

Cited by 42 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…>65 years [28]); this, in combination with the fact that no other drugs than azithromycin and the statin was reported in 12 cases, increases the plausibility of an association. The long-term use of statins with a rapid onset within 10 days of rhabdomyolysis from initiation of azithromycin is also indicative of a drug interaction [29,30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhabdomyolysis a result of azithromycin and statins: an unrecognized interaction

Strandell

Bate

Hägg

et al. 2009

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT • Rhabdomyolysis is a serious but rare adverse effect of statins. • The mechanism of rhabdomyolysis with statins is poorly defined, but the occurrence is known to increase with dose/ concentration. • Some macrolides are known to interact with statins; however, azithromycin has not been described to interact with statins with the exception of two literature case reports. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS • A case series in the World Health Organization Adverse Drug Reaction (WHO‐ADR) database was suggestive of a possible drug interaction between statins and azithromycin with rhabdomyolysis. • A disproportionality measure, Omega, was shown to identify previously not recognized suspected drug interactions within the WHO‐ADR dataset. AIMS In a systematic screening of the World Health Organization Adverse Drug Reaction database, VigiBase, in July 2008, a measure of association used to detect interactions (Omega) highlighted azithromycin with the individual statins atorvastatin, lovastatin and simvastatin and rhabdomyolysis. The aim was to examine all reports including rhabdomyolysis‐azithromycin and statins in VigiBase to assess if the data were suggestive of an interaction. METHODS The individual case reports in VigiBase and the original files were reviewed. In order to investigate the reporting over time for rhabdomyolysis with azithromycin and statins to VigiBase, Omega values were generated retrospectively. RESULTS The reporting over time showed that rhabdomyolysis under concomitant use of azithromycin and statins was reported more often than expected from 2000 and onwards in Vigibase. After exclusion of possible duplicates and follow‐up reports, 53 cases from five countries remained. Rhabdomyolysis occurred shortly after initiation of azithromycin in 23% of cases. In 11 patients an interaction had been suggested by the reporter. With the exception of one patient, the statin doses reported were within the recommended daily doses. CONCLUSIONS Case reports in VigiBase are suggestive that interactions between azithromycin and statins resulting in rhabdomyolysis may occur. This analysis showed the potential of the newly developed disproportionality measure, Omega, which can help to identify drug interactions in VigiBase in the future. The results also showed that reviewing spontaneous reports can add information to drug interactions not established previously.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhabdomyolysis a result of azithromycin and statins: an unrecognized interaction

Strandell

Bate

Hägg

et al. 2009

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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“…Development of family medicine research will promote standardization of terminology and diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, which in turn can enhance cooperation nationally and internationally. 19,[48][49][50] Recommendation 2 Wonca should seek the development in all its member countries of sentinel practices to provide surveillance reports on illness and diseases that have the greatest impact on patients' health and wellness in the community. …”

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confidence: 99%

Improving Health Care Globally: A Critical Review of the Necessity of Family Medicine Research and Recommendations to Build Research Capacity

Weel

Rosser²

2004

The Annals of Family Medicine

122

111

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An invitational conference led by the World Organization of Family Doctors (Wonca) involving selected delegates from 34 countries was held in Kingston, Ontario, Canada, March 8 to12, 2003. The conference theme was "Improving Health Globally: The Necessity of Family Medicine Research." Guiding conference discussions was the value that to improve health care worldwide, strong, evidencebased primary care is indispensable. Eight papers reviewed before the meeting formed the basic material from which the conference developed 9 recommendations. Wonca, as an international body of family medicine, was regarded as particularly suited to pursue these conference recommendations:1. Research achievements in family medicine should be displayed to policy makers, health (insurance) authorities, and academic leaders in a systematic way. 2. In all countries, sentinel practice systems should be developed to provide surveillance reports on illness and diseases that have the greatest impact on the population's health and wellness in the community. 3. A clearinghouse should be organized to provide a central repository of knowledge about family medicine research expertise, training, and mentoring. 4. National research institutes and university departments of family medicine with a research mission should be developed. 5. Practice-based research networks should be developed around the world. 6. Family medicine research journals, conferences, and Web sites should be strengthened to disseminate research fi ndings internationally, and their use coordinated. Improved representation of family medicine research journals in databases, such as Index Medicus, should be pursued. 7. Funding of international collaborative research in family medicine should be facilitated. 8. International ethical guidelines, with an international ethical review process, should be developed in particular for participatory (action) research, where researchers work in partnership with communities. 9. When implementing these recommendations, the specifi c needs and implications for developing countries should be addressed.The Wonca executive committee has reviewed these recommendations and the supporting rationale for each. They plan to follow the recommendations, but to do so will require the support and cooperation of many individuals, organizations, and national governments around the world. S6IMPROVING HEALTH CARE GLOBALLY health care system for most people-is important. Most people receive formal medical care in primary care, 2,3 and it is in that setting most episodes of illness are treated. Family medicine is a key discipline of primary care, and in many countries family physicians are the only physicians directly accessible to the public. 4 Clinical decisions made on fi rst encounters often determine whether health care resources are appropriately used. 2,[5][6][7] Strengthening the knowledge base in primary care will contribute to better medical care for all.Against this background an invitational conference was organized by the World Organization of...

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“…The episodes of care is 'the period from the first presentation of a health problem or illness to a health care provider until the completion of the last encounter', whereas episodes of illness 'extend from the onset of symptoms to their complete resolution' [11]. Based on these definition, it was expected that the episode of care has a shorter duration compared with the episode of illness, since, in general, a disease is not cured at the last encounter.…”

Section: Comparison With Prior Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A valid estimation of the start and stop date of an episode is essential to determine whether an episode is new or existing in a certain period to establish a numerator for morbidity rates, but also to determine whether a patient is at risk for a specific disease (necessary to assess the denominator for incidence rates). Therefore, instead of episodes of care, episodes of illness, which 'extend from the onset of symptoms to their complete resolution' [11], are required for valid morbidity rates. To construct episodes of illness from recorded episodes of care, a stop date of the episode of illness should be estimated based on knowledge of the duration of a disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Morbidity Rates Based on Routine Electronic Health Records in Primary Care: Observational Study (Preprint)

Nielen¹,

Spronk²,

Davids³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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An international glossary for GENERAL/FAMILY PRACTICE

Cited by 42 publications

References 0 publications

Rhabdomyolysis a result of azithromycin and statins: an unrecognized interaction

Rhabdomyolysis a result of azithromycin and statins: an unrecognized interaction

Improving Health Care Globally: A Critical Review of the Necessity of Family Medicine Research and Recommendations to Build Research Capacity

Estimating Morbidity Rates Based on Routine Electronic Health Records in Primary Care: Observational Study (Preprint)

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