An Interdisciplinary Study of Orthodontic, Orthopedic, and Otorhinolaryngological Findings in 12–14-Year-Old Preorthodontic Children

Abstract

Background and Objective. Malocclusion, the body posture, and the breathing pat- tern may correlate, but this issue is still controversial. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between the type of malocclusion, the body posture, and the nasopharyngeal obstruction in 12-14-year-old children. Material and Methods. The study group consisted of 76 orthodontic patients (35 boys, 41 girls) aged 12-14 years (mean age, 12.79 years {SD, 0.98J). All the patients were examined by the same orthodontist (study model and cephalometric radiograph analysis), the same orthopedic surgeon (body posture examined from the front, the side, and the back), and the same otorhinolaryngologist (anterior and posterior rhinoscopy and pharyngoscopy) in a blind manner. Results. The prevalence of a poor body posture and a nasopharyngeal pathology was high in the present study. In total, 48.7% of the orthodontic patients had a kyphotic posture and 55.3% a rib hump in the thoracic region. The nasopharyngeal pathology was diagnosed in 78.9% of the patients. The patients with the kyphotic posture had a higher mandibular plane angle (MP-SN) and a lower sagittal position of the mandible SNB angle. A deeper overbite correlated with shoulder and scapular asymmetry. The kyphotic posture was diagnosed in 55.0% of the patients with the naso- pharyngeal pathology. Conclusions. The sagittal body posture was related to the vertical craniofacial parameters and hypertrophy of the tonsils and/or the adenoids. The study showed no relationship between the degree of crowding, the presence of a posterior cross bite, orthopedic parameters, and a breathing pattern.

Does asymmetry in the stomatognathic system correlate with body posture impairments?: A systematic review

“…14,15,17,23 The age of the subjects was generally similar among studies and between also variable, with some studies including children 20,21 , others including adolescents [14][15][16][17][18][19]22 and the rest studies including young adults. 13,23 Most of the studies were focused on the posterior monolateral crossbite [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] or other occlusal traits such as asymmetrical dental Class. 13,14,19 The only RCT 20 was focused on the body posture effects of the treatment of monolateral crossbite by slow maxillary expansion.…”

“…Subdivided as follows: 2 studies used qualitative posturographic parameters assessed by physical examination 14,22 , 5 studies used quantitative posturographic parameters related to body sway assessed by postural platform 13,15,18,19,21 , The last 4 studies also used quantitative measures taken from measure of leg length inequality 16 , body photographs 17 , X-ray films of the full-length spine 23 and rasterstereography. 20 …”

“…14,16,17,22,23 All the studies included both females and males. In a few cases, details on the gender distribution were not reported for some groups.…”

“…Among the observational studies, recordings were performed under no particular conditions, as standing position 16,17,[21][22][23] or under different mandibular 19 or head 18 positions. The two studies 13,15 classified as CCTs recorded body posture under different mandibular positions with and without cotton rolls between the dental arches.…”

“…Among the 29 articles assessed in full text, 18 were excluded with details summarized in Table 4. The remaining 11 studies [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] were judged eligible for inclusion and are listed in Table 5.…”