Vehicle equipment maintenance support tasks have problems such as low maintenance efficiency and unreasonable allocation of maintenance personnel. In order to further strengthen the theoretical research of vehicle equipment maintenance support, an optimization model of vehicle equipment maintenance personnel based on support task is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the maintenance workload model of vehicle equipment is constructed by analyzing the three task sources of vehicle equipment: scheduled maintenance, natural random failure, and combat damage. Then, considering the technical professional level, maintenance efficiency, and other factors of maintenance personnel, two optimization models of maintenance personnel are constructed. In view of the situation where there are enough human resources, the prediction model of the number of personnel with the minimum total number as the goal is constructed to achieve the purpose of saving human resources. Using MATLAB mixed integer nonlinear programming problem (MINP) toolbox to solve the prediction model of the number of personnel, in view of the shortage of maintenance personnel, a maintenance personnel allocation model aiming at minimizing maintenance time is constructed to maximize maintenance efficiency. In order to solve the model, the fruit fly optimization algorithm (FOA) is improved, and the group cooperation is used to update the fruit fly position. The new algorithm not only retains the essential advantages of the FOA but also solves the problem that the algorithm is easy to fall into local extreme value and improves the global optimization ability of the algorithm. Finally, two example simulations verify the effectiveness of the optimization method in this paper and provide a certain theoretical basis for maintenance personnel to optimize decision-making.