An integrated analysis of C5AR2 related to malignant properties and immune infiltration of gliomas

Abstract

Background C5AR2 is recognized as a proinflammatory molecule and activates the inflammatory response in multiple disorders. However, little has been reported on C5AR2 in glioma. This study sought to explore its expression, biological function, and association with clinical pathological indicators, prognosis, and immune infiltration levels in glioma through glioma cohorts. Methods A cohort of 657 patients was screened from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA). χ2 test was performed to calculate the difference of classified variables. Cox proportional hazard regression modeling was used to identify independent prognostic indicators of glioma patients. A survival plot was generated by the Kaplan–Meier method. The immune cell infiltration score of glioma patients was calculated by TIMER algorithm. Results We observed that high expression of C5AR2 was strongly associated with malignant clinical indicators in 657 patients with glioma, and patients with high C5AR2 expression had worse prognoses. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that C5AR2 could be a new independent prognostic indicator for glioma patients. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis revealed that C5AR2 overexpression correlated with multiple inflammatory and immune biological processes. Additionally, high C5AR2 expression was strongly associated with higher abundance and marker gene expression of multiple tumor immune cells in low‐grade glioma. Finally, a model was constructed to improve the prognostic evaluation of glioma patients. Conclusions The C5AR2 gene is highly expressed in gliomas and is significantly associated with clinical indicators of malignant progression in glioma patients. In glioma, patients with high C5AR2 expression displayed a worse outcome. In glioma tissues, the expression level of C5AR2 highly correlated with the abundance of tumor immune cell infiltration. Additionally, GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that C5AR2 expression may be involved in a variety of immune and inflammatory biological processes.

URB2 as an important marker for glioma prognosis and immunotherapy

“…Nomograms are often used in various cancer types to intuitively predict prognosis (Xu et al, 2021a;He et al, 2022). Previous literature has reported that age, chemotherapy status, histopathology, radiotherapy status, IDH, tumor recurrence, and 1p/19q were common prognostic markers in gliomas (Qu et al, 2021;Huang et al, 2022). Our study constructed a nomogram for predicting the OS of glioma patients according to the CGGA dataset based on ten independent prognostic factors, including 1p/19q codeletion status, PRS type, Radio status, Histology, Chemo status, Gender, Age, IDH mutation status, Grade, and URB2.…”