An insight on superoxide dismutase (SOD) from plants for mammalian health enhancement

Stephenie, Sarah; Chang, Ying Ping; Gnanasekaran, Ashok; Norhaizan, Mohd Esa; Gnanaraj, Charles

doi:10.1016/j.jff.2020.103917

Cited by 121 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…The SOD activity value, which decomposes O 2 ⋅− to H 2 O 2 , was changed to 1.7-fold higher in ZnO-NPs-treated calli, compared to 1.6-fold in 150 µg mL −1 ZnO-BPs. The elevated CAT activity, which degrades the H 2 O 2 of the SOD product, in the callus tissues could indicate the callus tolerance of ZnO stress; as Stephenie et al 44 reported that elevated SOD activity, without the concomitant increase in H 2 O 2 elimination capabilities, could lead to increased cytotoxicity. An increased SOD activity and Mn concentration with decreased Cu and Fe concentrations in callus tissues indicate an increased Mn-SOD isoenzyme activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of zinc oxide nano and bulk particles on redox-enzymes of the Punica granatum callus

Farghaly

Radi

Al-Kahtany

2020

Sci Rep

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The structure and function of cellular membranes were sustained by redox-enzymes. We studied the interaction between the oxidative stress caused by excessive accumulation of ZnO-nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) in plants and the role of redox-enzymes that can alleviate this stress. The crude callus extract from pomegranate, which was treated with 0, 10, and 150 µg mL−1 ZnO-NPs or bulk particles (ZnO-BPs), was applied to study the activity and kinetics of redox-enzymes. The elevated ZnO-NPs, enhanced the lipoxygenase and polyphenol oxidase activity, while the ZnO-BPs did not modify them. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase were induced under ZnO-NPs or BPs treatments, whilst the opposite trend of peroxidase was observed. Ascorbate peroxidase activity increased under ZnO-NPs treatments but decreased under ZnO-BPs. The kinetics activity of enzymes showed changes under different levels of NPs and BPs. Additionally, NPs or BPs treatments reduced the uptake of copper, iron, magnesium, but increased zinc accumulation in callus tissues. Meanwhile, these treatments enhanced the accumulation of manganese ions but did not affect the accumulation of potassium and phosphorous in ZnO-NPs or BPs-stressed calli. Collectively, these results gave a quantitative evaluation of the competition of zinc and other minerals on the carriers, and in addition, they provided a basis for how to control ZnO-NPs or BPs toxicity via redox-enzymes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of zinc oxide nano and bulk particles on redox-enzymes of the Punica granatum callus

Farghaly

Radi

Al-Kahtany

2020

Sci Rep

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“…Indeed, due to its enzymatic nature, exogenous SOD is digested and denatured in the stomach. Moreover, it should be noted that exogenous SOD has a high molecular weight, meaning that cellular uptake is limited, even when it is injected [ 21 ]. These aspects explain why SOD use is restricted to drug applications in animals, and to non-drug applications in humans (including supplements, cosmetics, food, agriculture and chemical industries) [ 303 ].…”

Section: Sod Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of SODs from various sources reflects the need to emphasize different properties of different forms of the enzyme, with the different sources mainly used for specific applications; plant-derived SOD is mostly used for supplements and nutraceuticals, while SOD from marine source is used in cosmetics [ 305 ]. Plants have three isoforms of SOD: chloroplastic and cytosolic Cu, Zn-SOD; mitochondria Mn-SOD; and chloroplastic and plastidial Fe-SOD [ 21 , 306 ]. Cyanobacteria and marine creatures contain the Ni-SOD isoform.…”

Section: Sod Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…)-derived SOD, SODB, which offers the advantage of a high SOD concentration (100 U/mg) and low contents of other antioxidants, such as CAT (10 U/mg) and GSH (1 U/mg), is one of the most commonly used [ 19 , 20 ]. However, the oral bioavailability of this form of SOD is still very low, according to the general pharmacokinetics principle of drugs, and this is because of its high molecular weight, which affects cellular uptake [ 21 ], and the low pH and high proteolytic activity in the digestive tract [ 22 ]. As natural SOD is an exogenous protein, we can hypothesize that it may induce antibody formation (anti-drug antibodies ADA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Superoxide Dismutase Administration: A Review of Proposed Human Uses

et al. 2021

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Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are metalloenzymes that play a major role in antioxidant defense against oxidative stress in the body. SOD supplementation may therefore trigger the endogenous antioxidant machinery for the neutralization of free-radical excess and be used in a variety of pathological settings. This paper aimed to provide an extensive review of the possible uses of SODs in a range of pathological settings, as well as describe the current pitfalls and the delivery strategies that are in development to solve bioavailability issues. We carried out a PubMed query, using the keywords “SOD”, “SOD mimetics”, “SOD supplementation”, which included papers published in the English language, between 2012 and 2020, on the potential therapeutic applications of SODs, including detoxification strategies. As highlighted in this paper, it can be argued that the generic antioxidant effects of SODs are beneficial under all tested conditions, from ocular and cardiovascular diseases to neurodegenerative disorders and metabolic diseases, including diabetes and its complications and obesity. However, it must be underlined that clinical evidence for its efficacy is limited and consequently, this efficacy is currently far from being demonstrated.

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“…To our best knowledge, no recorded SOD showing such extremely acidic tolerance so far, and thus Aa SOD would be served as an ideal model protein for exploring the mechanism of acidic tolerance. Moreover, abundant studies concluded that exogenous SOD supplementation has pharmacological and therapeutic benefits to mammals, including reduce liver oxidative stress in diabetic animals, resist inflammatory diseases, boost antioxidant defense and so on ( Stephenie et al, 2020 ). Consequently, being an oral medicine or dietary supplement would be a favorable form for SOD administration.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoacidophilic Alicyclobacillus Superoxide Dismutase: Good Candidate as Additives in Food and Medicine

Dong

Wang

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Thermoacidophilic Alicyclobacillus strains attract great interests as the resource of thermostable or acidic enzymes. In this study, a putative gene encoding superoxide dismutase (AaSOD) was identified in a thermoacidophilic Alicyclobacillus strain. With a 16-fold activity observed, the AaSOD activity expressing in the medium of manganese enrichment was much higher than that in the iron medium. In addition, the purified AaSOD can be reconstituted exclusively with either Fe2+ or Mn2+, with its Mn-bound protein showing 25-fold activity than that of Fe-bound form. The optimal temperature for AaSOD reaction was 35°C, and was highly stable at any certain temperature up to 80°C. Of particular interest, the enzyme is found to be very stable across a wide pH range spanning from 2.0 to 10.0, which confers its robust stability in the acidic stomach environment and implies striking potentials as food additive and for medical use.

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An insight on superoxide dismutase (SOD) from plants for mammalian health enhancement

Cited by 121 publications

References 120 publications

Impacts of zinc oxide nano and bulk particles on redox-enzymes of the Punica granatum callus

Impacts of zinc oxide nano and bulk particles on redox-enzymes of the Punica granatum callus

Superoxide Dismutase Administration: A Review of Proposed Human Uses

Thermoacidophilic Alicyclobacillus Superoxide Dismutase: Good Candidate as Additives in Food and Medicine

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