An insight onOctopus vulgarisparalarvae lipid requirements under rearing conditions

Abstract

In this study, two new alternative preys: Grapsus adscensionis zoeae (as sole prey) and Palaemon elegans zoeae (in cofeeding with Artemia sp.), as well as, Artemia sp. juveniles were used as feed for octopus paralarvae, as a way to understand its lipid requirements. Total lipid (TL) content, lipid class (LC) and fatty acid (FA) profiles of preys, octopus hatchlings and 9-day-old paralarvae were analysed. Growth and survival of the paralarvae were also determined. Regardless the prey provided, a notable shift in the lipid profile of paralarvae was registered after 9 days of rearing. The highest index of growth rate (IGR) recorded when decapod crustacean zoeae were supplied might have some relation with levels of 20:4n-6 (ARA) and DHA/EPA ratio observed. In this sense, Grapsus adscensionis zoeae leaded to a higher content of ARA and a lower content of EPA, which may indicate a possible competition between these two FA. For that a balanced EPA/ARA ratio might be significant in this species nutrition without disconsidering DHA levels as an essential fatty acid. Finally, the changes observed in paralarvae FA profile might not only be related to prey FA profile, but also with changes occurring in the lipid classes contents.

Meta‐analysis approach to the effects of live prey on the growth of Octopus vulgaris paralarvae under culture conditions

“…,b; Reis et al . ), similar to the levels observed in recently settled wild juveniles with 15–25% of total FA (Navarro & Villanueva ). In contrast, the DHA content tended to gradually decrease (46–76% from hatching to 30 days old) in paralarvae fed exclusively on Artemia , regardless of the enrichment used (Navarro & Villanueva ; Estévez et al .…”

“…Broodstock conditions were as described by Reis et al . () for IR and TF and Iglesias et al . () for VG.…”

“…,b; Reis et al . ). Nevertheless, paralarvae were able to maintain the original levels of DHA throughout development when were fed on a mixture of Artemia and sand eel ( Ammodytes personatus ) flakes (Okumura et al .…”

“…,b; Reis et al . ), while few authors have reported growth rates over 6% (Villanueva et al . ; Okumura et al .…”

Feeding Relationship between Octopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) Early Life-Cycle Stages and Their Prey in the Western Iberian Upwelling System: Correlation of Reciprocal Lipid and Fatty Acid Contents

“…The high ARA content was already observed in the mature ovary of females (Rosa et al, 2004; Lourenço et al, 2014; Estefanell et al, 2015) and in hatchlings collected off the Gran Canaria Island (Estefanell et al, 2013). Reis et al (2015) proved that ARA is efficiently incorporated by the paralarvae. In fact, exists a competition mechanism of incorporation of ARA and EPA that are esterified by the same enzymes, and it is this mechanism that is responsible of the high variability in the EPA/ARA obtained for paralarvae in different studies ranging between 0.95 (for paralarave fed with Grapsus adcensionis in Reis et al, 2015), 2.7 in Garrido et al (2016b), and 3.04 in the present study.…”