“…1 Early childhood (primary) Kong and Lao, 2017;Kusmin et al, 2017;diSessa, 2018;Ehsan et al, 2018;Citta et al, 2019;Miller, 2019;Ciftci and Topcu, 2022 7 2 K-12 (secondary) Kline et al, 2014;Rusu, 2015;Delistavrou and Kameas, 2017;Choate et al, 2018;Ioannou and Makridou, 2018;Dickes et al, 2020;Fidai et al, 2020;Irgens et al, 2020;Lee et al, 2020 9 3 Apps/Tools/Robotics Kline et al, 2014;Rusu, 2015;Kong and Lao, 2017;Choate et al, 2018;Xu et al, 2019;Conde et al, 2020;Dickes et al, 2020;Fidai et al, 2020;Juskeviciene et Finally, it can be positive to alternate between deductive and inductive phases regarding informatics competencies in order to allow for a stronger linkage. For example, the teacher can teach digital measurement in the beginning, with time discretization already implicitly integrated.…”