An innovative application of the Kinect in Earth sciences: quantifying deformation in analogue modelling of volcanoes

Tortini, Riccardo; Bonali, Fabio Luca; Corazzato, C.; Carn, S. A.; Tibaldi, Alessandro

doi:10.1111/ter.12096

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The use of four standard DSLR cameras is slightly more expensive than the Microsoft® Kinect system used by Tortini et al . [], but the resolution and the precision of the results are more than an order of magnitude better with our SfM workflow. In addition, the Microsoft® Kinect system does not allow precise measurements of in‐plane displacement fields.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of open‐source photogrammetric software MicMac for monitoring surface deformation in laboratory models

et al. 2016

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Quantifying deformation is essential in modern laboratory models of geological systems. This paper presents a new laboratory monitoring method through the implementation of the open‐source software MicMac, which efficiently implements photogrammetry in Structure‐from‐Motion algorithms. Critical evaluation is provided using results from two example laboratory geodesy scenarios: magma emplacement and strike‐slip faulting. MicMac automatically processes images from synchronized cameras to compute time series of digital elevation models (DEMs) and orthorectified images of model surfaces. MicMac also implements digital image correlation to produce high‐resolution displacements maps. The resolution of DEMs and displacement maps corresponds to the pixel size of the processed images. Using 24 MP cameras, the precision of DEMs and displacements is ~0.05 mm on a 40 × 40 cm surface. Processing displacement maps with Matlab® scripts allows automatic fracture mapping on the monitored surfaces. MicMac also offers the possibility to integrate 3‐D models of excavated structures with the corresponding surface deformation data. The high resolution and high precision of MicMac results and the ability to generate virtual 3‐D models of complex structures make it a very promising tool for quantitative monitoring in laboratory models of geological systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of open‐source photogrammetric software MicMac for monitoring surface deformation in laboratory models

et al. 2016

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“…In our experiments we used a mixture of two end-member analog materials, i.e., sifted sand and wheat flour, with the purpose of simulating brittle deformation in the upper crust (e.g., Walter and Troll, 2001;Holohan et al, 2005;Tibaldi et al, 2008;Acocella et al, 2013;Tortini et al, 2014). The density range for natural rocks is approximately 2000-3300 kg/m 3 , with most rocks (granites, basalts, hard limestones, etc.)…”

Section: Scaling Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between Transform Faults and Rift Systems: A Combined Field and Experimental Approach

2016

Self Cite

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We present a detailed field structural survey of the area of interaction between the active NW-striking transform Husavik-Flatey Fault (HFF) and the N-S Theystareykir Fissure Swarm (TFS), in North Iceland, integrated by analog scaled models. Field data contribute to a better understanding of how transform faults work, at a much higher detail than classical marine geophysical studies. Analog experiments are conducted to analyse the fracture patterns resulting from different possible cases where transform faulting accompanies or postpones the rift motions. Different tectonic block configurations are also considered and results are compared with field data in order to study as thoroughly as possible the interaction between the HFF and the TFS as well as the possible prolongation of the HFF into the TFS. West of the intersection between the transform fault (HFF) and the rift zone (TFS), the former splays with a gradual bending giving rise to a leading extensional imbricate fan. The westernmost structure of the rift, the N-S Gudfinnugja Fault (GF), is divided into two segments: the southern segment makes a junction with the HFF and is part of the imbricate fan; north of the junction instead, the northern GF appears right-laterally offset by about 20 m. Southeast of the junction, along the possible prolongation of the HFF across the TFS, the strike of the rift faults rotates in an anticlockwise direction, attaining a NNW-SSE orientation. Moreover, the TFS faults north of the HFF prolongation are fewer and have smaller offsets than those located to the south. Through the comparison between the structural data collected in the field at the HFF-TFS connection zone and a set of scaled experiments, we confirm a prolongation of the HFF through the rift, although here the transform fault has a much lower slip-rate than west of the junction. Our data suggest that transform fault terminations may be more complex than previously known, and propagate across a rift through a modification of the rift pattern.

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“…This latter depthsensing technology originates in the gaming industry and has recently been used in earth science studies (Mankoff and Russo, 2012). For example, Hammerle et al (2014) used it to model a karst cave, Tortini et al (2014) used it to assess volcano deformation and Brouwer (2013) used it to assess tree metrics. The advantage over state-of-the-art terrestrial laser scanners is the increased mobility, especially relevant for erosion monitoring at the landscape scale, and the relatively low costs (James and Quinton, 2014;Mankoff and Russo, 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

Soil surface roughness: comparing old and new measuring methods and application in a soil erosion model

Thomsen

Baartman

Barneveld

et al. 2015

SOIL

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Abstract. Quantification of soil roughness, i.e. the irregularities of the soil surface due to soil texture, aggregates, rock fragments and land management, is important as it affects surface storage, infiltration, overland flow, and ultimately sediment detachment and erosion. Roughness has been measured in the field using both contact methods (such as roller chain and pinboard) and sensor methods (such as stereophotogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS)). A novel depth-sensing technique, originating in the gaming industry, has recently become available for earth sciences: the Xtion Pro method. Roughness data obtained using various methods are assumed to be similar; this assumption is tested in this study by comparing five different methods to measure roughness in the field on 1 m 2 agricultural plots with different management (ploughing, harrowing, forest and direct seeding on stubble) in southern Norway. Subsequently, the values were used as input for the LISEM soil erosion model to test their effect on the simulated hydrograph at catchment scale. Results show that statistically significant differences between the methods were obtained only for the fields with direct seeding on stubble; for the other land management types the methods were in agreement. The spatial resolution of the contact methods was much lower than for the sensor methods (10 000 versus at least 57 000 points per square metre). In terms of costs and ease of use in the field, the Xtion Pro method is promising. Results from the LISEM model indicate that especially the roller chain overestimated the random roughness (RR) values and the model subsequently calculated less surface runoff than measured. In conclusion, the choice of measurement method for roughness data matters and depends on the required accuracy, resolution, mobility in the field and available budget. It is recommended to use only one method within one study.

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An innovative application of the Kinect in Earth sciences: quantifying deformation in analogue modelling of volcanoes

Cited by 23 publications

References 33 publications

Application of open‐source photogrammetric software MicMac for monitoring surface deformation in laboratory models

Application of open‐source photogrammetric software MicMac for monitoring surface deformation in laboratory models

Interaction between Transform Faults and Rift Systems: A Combined Field and Experimental Approach

Soil surface roughness: comparing old and new measuring methods and application in a soil erosion model

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