“…Consequently, this situation encourages the migration of the rural population, particularly those of working age, thereby exacerbating the aging of the rural population and contributing to increased social isolation. In this context, the challenge of maintaining essential public services, such as health, education, and transportation, intensifies and becomes less effective (Meerstra-de Haan et al, 2020;Supule, 2020). Furthermore, the adverse impacts of climate change trigger migration due to unfavorable living and working conditions (Igić et al, 2020), thus perpetuating a vicious cycle between environmental issues and migration.…”