An in vivo comparison of accuracy of two electronic apex locators in determining working length using stainless steel and nickel titanium files

Abstract

PurposeA key factor affecting the success of endodontic treatment is correct determination of root canal working length (WL). The purpose of this in vivo study was to compare the accuracy of Propex II and iPex II electronic apex locator (EAL) in determining the WL under clinical conditions, to that of radiographic working length (RWL) using stainless steel (SS) and nickel–titanium (NiTi) hand files.Patients and methodsThirty-seven patients, with 60 anterior teeth (60 canals) scheduled for endodontic treatment participated in this study after ethical approval. Electronic working length (EWL) was determined by the Propex II and iPex II according to manufacturer’s instructions using SS Hand K-files and NiTi Hand files. RWL was determined after EWL determination. The results obtained with each EAL with SS and NiTi files were compared with RWL. Data was analyzed statistically at a significance level of p < 0.05. Interclass correlation coefficient was calculated.ResultsStatistical analysis revealed no significant difference between the EALs, indicating similar accuracies between them with respect to accuracy in determining the WL (p > 0.05). No significant difference was found between the EWL and RWL and between SS and NiTi files for WL determination (p > 0.05) as well. The result also displayed a high intraclass correlation coefficient between the RWL and EWL measurement methods.ConclusionUnder the in vivo clinical conditions of this study, both Propex II and iPex II were similar to the RWL determination technique showing high correlation to RWL. Both are clinically acceptable EAL for WL determination and both SS hand K-file and NiTi file can be used interchangeably without compromising the WL during treatment.

Microneedle System for Transdermal Drug and Vaccine Delivery: Devices, Safety, and Prospects

“…53 However, metals are nonbiodegradable, which may produce unwanted biohazardous tip waste induced by the broken MNs left behind in the skin, even though some metals, such as SS and Ti, have been safely used as biomaterials in medical treatment for decades. 121,122…”

“…53 However, metals are nonbiodegradable, which may produce unwanted biohazardous tip waste induced by the broken MNs left behind in the skin, even though some metals, such as SS and Ti, have been safely used as biomaterials in medical treatment for decades. 121,122 Polymer. Nowadays, polymeric MNs have attracted great attention of researchers because most polymeric MNs are biocompatible and biodegradable to avoid harsh side effects in the skin, providing a safe device for the delivery of drugs.…”

Apexoconnection: A Novel Technique to Determine Working Length

“… 1 , 2 Hence, treatment success is defined by factors, such as the correct determination of root canal working length (WL). 3 The WL is the interspace between two reference points: (1) One point is located coronally and (2) the other point is located at the terminal in which the canal preparation and obturation terminate. 4 Preferably, the cementodentinal junction (CDJ) should be considered as the point at which the obturation ends; however, it is impossible to clinically identify this histological structure.…”

Comparación de la precisión de la longitud de trabajo de cuatro localizadores apicales electrónicos con limas de acero inoxidable y níquel-titanio en conductos mesiovestibulares de primeras molares inferiores.

“…A partir de esos estudios, Suzuki, en 1942, creó un dispositivo eléctrico que medía el ligamento periodontal y la mucosa oral. Sunada, en 1962, confirmó que la resistencia eléctrica era constante ( [5][6][7]. Actualmente, existen varias generaciones de localizadores bastante precisos y consistentes.…”

“…Resulta de gran importancia para el clínico confiar en la precisión de los localizadores con limas y usarlas indistintamente ( 5,(16)(17)(18) ). Las C-Pilot de VDW son elaboradas con acero inoxidable altamente resistente a la flexión debido a un proceso de endurecimiento térmico, con punta inactiva y sección transversal ( 3 ).…”