An in-depth examination of the excretion of albumin and other sensitive markers of renal damage in mild hypertension*

Mueller, Patricia W.; Hall, W. Dallas; Caudill, Samuel P.; MacNeil, Mary Louise; Arepally, Arvin

doi:10.1016/0895-7061(95)00231-d

Cited by 28 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…27 and 48) and retinol binding protein 4 (Rbp4; see Ref. 29) and increased expression of ␤ 2 -glycoprotein I (apolipoprotein H; see Refs. 13 and 44).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential renal gene expression in prehypertensive and hypertensive spontaneously hypertensive rats

Seubert¹,

Xu²,

Graves³

et al. 2005

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

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velopment of hypertension stems from both environmental and genetic factors wherein the kidney plays a central role. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and the nonhypertensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) controls are widely used as a model for studying hypertension. The present study examined the renal gene expression profiles between SHR and WKY at a prehypertensive stage (3 wk of age) and hypertensive stage (9 wk of age). Additionally, age-related changes in gene expression patterns were examined from 3 to 9 wk in both WKY and SHR. Five to six individual kidney samples of the same experimental group were pooled together, and quadruplicate hybridizations were performed using the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Rat version 2.0 Chip, which contains ϳ6,700 genes. Twenty two genes were found to be differentially expressed between SHR and WKY at 3 wk of age, and 104 genes were differentially expressed at 9 wk of age. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (Ephx2) was found to be significantly upregulated in SHR at both time points and was the predominant outlier. Conversely, elastase 1 (Ela1) was found to be the predominant gene downregulated in SHR at both time points. Analysis of profiles at 3 vs. 9 wk of age identified 508 differentially expressed genes in WKY rats. In contrast, only 211 genes were found to be differentially expressed during this time period in SHR. The altered gene expression patterns observed in the age-related analysis suggested significant differences in the vascular extracellular matrix system between SHR and WKY kidney. Together, our data highlight the complexity of hypertension and the numerous genes involved in and affected by this condition. soluble epoxide hydrolase; hypertension; arachidonic acid; elastase; real-time polymerase chain reaction HYPERTENSION IS A MAJOR RISK factor for cardiovascular disease, renal failure, and stroke and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality (6). Many systems and factors contribute to the regulation of blood pressure, such as the reninangiotensin-aldosterone system, extracellular matrix, and endothelin. Alteration in the complex array of polygenic and environmental factors that regulate blood pressure results in hypertension. Such perturbations commonly affect salt homeostasis, intravascular volume, and systemic vascular resistance (23). Even with such a diversity of physiological systems that control blood pressure, the majority of genetic and acquired forms of hypertension involve the kidney (23, 28, 38). Indeed, renal transplantation studies demonstrating the transfer of the hypertension phenotype from donor to recipient highlight a key role of the kidney in this disease (15, 39). Investigation into the renal gene expression profiles that accompany hypertension will help identify potentially important causes of this disease and/or novel therapeutic targets.Increased prevalence of hypertension with age coincides with changes in blood pressure patterns and reflects differences in hemodynamics between young and old hypertensives (10 -12,...

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“…27 and 48) and retinol binding protein 4 (Rbp4; see Ref. 29) and increased expression of ␤ 2 -glycoprotein I (apolipoprotein H; see Refs. 13 and 44).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential renal gene expression in prehypertensive and hypertensive spontaneously hypertensive rats

Seubert¹,

Xu²,

Graves³

et al. 2005

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Additionally, microalbuminuria has been linked to risk of having cardiovascular disease, renal failure, stroke, and high blood pressure (Mueller et al 1995;Murtaugh et al 2003;Lane 2004), but Cd exposures of subjects were not considered in these studies. A potential link between hypertension and mild renal dysfunction was suggested by an observation that subjects with mild hypertension who had microalbuminuria also excreted elevated N-acetyl-β -D-glucosaminidase (NAG) in the urine (Mueller et al 1995).…”

Section: Renal CD Toxicities and Adverse Health Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kidney Dysfunction and Hypertension: Role for Cadmium, P450 and Heme Oxygenases?

Satarug

Nishijo

Lasker

et al. 2006

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

103

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“…Since urinary excretion of RBP had been previously validated as a sensitive and accurate marker of early renal tubular injury, it is suggested that a combination of tubular and glomerular malfunction may be responsible for some cases of mixed proteinuria (21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical value of urinary kidney biomarkers for estimation of renal impairment in elderly Chinese with essential hypertension

Fang

et al. 2008

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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The purpose of this work was to observe the excretion of specific types of urinary proteins and urinary enzymes in elderly essential hypertension patients, for early detection and targeted treatment of hypertensive nephropathy in the elderly. A total of 120 elderly essential hypertensive patients and 38 healthy elderly volunteers were involved. The urinary excretion rate of retinal-binding protein (RBP), transferrin (Tf), albumin (Alb), and urinary enzyme N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activity were determined. Patients were divided into two groups according to their creatinine clearance (Cockroft-Gault formula). There were 88 patients in group A, whose glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was Z80 mL/min, and 32 patients in group B with a GFR o80 mL/min. Among the essential hypertensive patients, urinary excretion rates of RBP, Alb, Tf, and NAG were increased in both groups compared with the healthy controls. But the amount of urinary protein differed between group A and group B. The excretion rate of specific urinary protein and urinary enzyme had a positive relationship with the duration of course of hypertension. We believe that specific types of urinary proteins and urinary enzymes may be useful markers for early diagnosis of hypertensive nephropathy; they can also be regarded as a clinical indicator of the progression of hypertensive nephropathy, serving in the assessment of therapeutic effects.

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An in-depth examination of the excretion of albumin and other sensitive markers of renal damage in mild hypertension*

Cited by 28 publications

References 48 publications

Differential renal gene expression in prehypertensive and hypertensive spontaneously hypertensive rats

Differential renal gene expression in prehypertensive and hypertensive spontaneously hypertensive rats

Kidney Dysfunction and Hypertension: Role for Cadmium, P450 and Heme Oxygenases?

Clinical value of urinary kidney biomarkers for estimation of renal impairment in elderly Chinese with essential hypertension

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