An Improved Watermarking Technique for Copyright Protection Based on Tchebichef Moments

Ernawan, Ferda; Kabir, Muhammad Nomani

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2948086

Cited by 41 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…People can share data, such as video, image, audio, and documents through internet network. Therefore, the protection of multimedia data is essential to save the distribution of intellectual property [3] [4]. Digital watermarking is an alternative solution to protect the intellectual property from illegal users.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Improved Image Watermarking by Modifying Selected DWT-DCT Coefficients

Ernawan

Ariatmanto²,

Firdaus

2021

IEEE Access

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Digital images can be easily copied or manipulated by irresponsible persons. The right property needs to be secured and protected from illegal copies and piracy. Digital watermarking is one of the solutions to protect the intellectual property of digital images. This paper proposed the adaptive scaling factor based on selected DWT-DCT coefficients of its image content. The adaptive scaling factor was generated based on the role of selected DWT-DCT coefficients against the average value of DWT-DCT coefficients. The watermark image was embedded by using a proposed set of rules that consider the adaptive scaling factor. The experimental results showed that the proposed scheme achieved high PSNR value of 47dB, SSIM value of about 0.987 and an embedded watermark resistance to several attacks in the watermarked image. INDEX TERMS Image watermarking, adaptive scaling factor, DWT-DCT watermarking, embedding technique, flexible scaling factor.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Improved Image Watermarking by Modifying Selected DWT-DCT Coefficients

Ernawan

Ariatmanto²,

Firdaus

2021

IEEE Access

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“…The scheme was tested over standard signal processing and geometric attacks. Ernawan and Kabir [ 25 ] introduced a scheme using Tchebichef moments. The watermark logo is shuffled using an Arnold cat map and then embedded in the modified part of the selected moments over the chosen embedding blocks.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blind Watermarking of Color Medical Images Using Hadamard Transform and Fractional-Order Moments

Abdel-Aziz

Hosny

Lashin

et al. 2021

Sensors

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This paper proposes a new blind, color image watermarking method using fast Walsh–Hadamard transformation (FWHT) and multi-channel fractional Legendre–Fourier moments (MFrLFMs). The input host color image is first split into 4 × 4 non-interfering blocks, and the MFrLFMs are computed for each block, where proper MFrLFMs coefficients are selected and FWHT is applied on the selected coefficients. The scrambled binary watermark has been inserted in the quantized selected MFrLFMs coefficients. The proposed method is a blind extraction, as the original host image is not required to extract the watermark. The proposed method is evaluated over many visual imperceptibility terms such as peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), normalized correlation (NC), and bit error rate. The robustness of the proposed method is tested over several geometrical attacks such as scaling, rotation, cropping, and translation with different parameter values. The most widely recognized image processing attacks are also considered, e.g., compressing and adding noise attacks. A set of combination attacks are also tested to analyze the robustness of the proposed scheme versus several attacks. The proposed model’s experimental and numerical results for invisibility and robustness were superior to the results of similar watermarking methods.

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“…SVD plays a key part in applications of image processing such as digital watermarking [14]. SVD breaks down the symmetric matrix to 3 sub-matrices to separate the singular values in terms of a diagonal matrix [5], [8], [46]. SVD is represented by = ∑ (1) Image Fi singular values (SV's) are stored in Σᵢ of size Z × Z.…”

Section: Singular Value Decomposition (Svd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a non-blind scheme, an un-watermarked cover image is required while extracting an embedded secret watermark image [1], [8], [12], [26]. In semi-blind scheme, additional information is used while extracting watermarks rather than the un-watermarked image [1], [8], [12], [35], [46]. In blind scheme, the embedded secret watermark image is extracted without referring to the cover image [1], [3], [7], [8], [9], [10], [16], [26], [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel Optimized Semi-Blind Scheme for Color Image Watermarking

2020

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Image watermarking is a robust solution for solving key issues like copyright protection and proof of ownership of digital data. Existing schemes of image watermarking mostly used grayscale or binary images as embedded watermarks, while only a few watermarking schemes are developed for color images. In this paper, we propose a novel robust semi-blind image watermarking scheme based on finite ridgelet transform (FRT), discrete wavelet transform (DWT), singular value decomposition (SVD), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and Arnold transform to protect copyright and verify the authenticity of color images. Firstly, the color image is converted from RGB to YCbCr color space, and the luminance component (Y) is taken into account to insert the watermark data. In this study, the principal component (PC) of the watermark image is directly inserted into the corresponding singular value of the cover image by the scaling factor to avoid the false positive problem (FPP). To further improve security, Arnold transform is applied to process the Y channel of the watermark image before inserting it in the cover image. Besides, PSO optimizes the embedding factor matrices. The qualitative evaluation factors like peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity (SSIM) are used to assess the visual quality, while normalized correlation coefficient (NCC) is used to assess the resemblance between the watermarked and the restored watermarked images. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated using geometric, non-geometric, and combinational attacks, and its comparison is performed with different image watermarking schemes to prove its robustness.

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An Improved Watermarking Technique for Copyright Protection Based on Tchebichef Moments

Cited by 41 publications

References 24 publications

An Improved Image Watermarking by Modifying Selected DWT-DCT Coefficients

An Improved Image Watermarking by Modifying Selected DWT-DCT Coefficients

Blind Watermarking of Color Medical Images Using Hadamard Transform and Fractional-Order Moments

A Novel Optimized Semi-Blind Scheme for Color Image Watermarking

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