An improved vehicle to the grid method with battery longevity management in a microgrid application

Yang, Qingqing; Li, Jianwei; Cao, Wanke; Lin, Jie; Huo, Da; He, Haibo

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2020.117374

Cited by 38 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…Each battery state at t n ∈ [t 0 , t N ] is characterized by the battery energy e n , normalized as State of Charge (SOC), and the battery temperature θ n . The charging power p n is assumed to remain constant throughout a single time interval n. 3 To represent the battery's charging behavior, we implement an electrical, thermal, and aging model, see Fig. 1a.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrating Battery Aging in the Optimization for Bidirectional Charging of Electric Vehicles

Schwenk

Meisenbacher

Briegel

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Smart Grid

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Smart charging of Electric Vehicles (EVs) reduces operating cost, allows more sustainable battery usage, and promotes the rise of electric mobility. In addition, bidirectional charging and improved connectivity enable efficient power grid support. Today, however, uncoordinated charging, e.g. governed by users' habits, is still the norm. Thus, the impact of upcoming smart charging applications is mostly unexplored. We aim to estimate the expenses inherent with smart charging, e.g. battery aging costs, and give suggestions for further research. Using typical onboard sensor data we concisely model and validate an EV battery. We then integrate the battery model into a realistic smart charging use case and compare it with measurements of real EV charging. The results show that i) the temperature dependence of battery aging calls for precise thermal models for charging power greater than 7 kW, ii) disregarding battery aging underestimates EVs' operating cost by approx. 30%, and iii) the profitability of Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) services based on bidirectional power flow, e.g. energy arbitrage, depends on battery aging costs and the electricity price spread.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The term "charging event" refers to the entire time window between arrival and departure of an EV at a charging station 3. Note that pn represents the gross charging power consumed from the charging station without conversion losses 4.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating Battery Aging in the Optimization for Bidirectional Charging of Electric Vehicles

Schwenk

Meisenbacher

Briegel

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Smart Grid

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“…In a SDMG crucial BESS data such as State of Charge (SOC), maximum capacity and the overall State of Health (SOH) can be stored in the global controller's dynamic memory units. Improvement of battery life through coordination of the V2G method for MGs has also been proposed in [46].…”

Section: ) Energy Storage Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Software-Defined Power Grids: A Survey on Opportunities and Taxonomy for Microgrids

et al. 2021

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Future generation power grids will require the introduction and deployment of distributed energy resources to meet modern day load requirements. Consequently, we expect to see a rise in microgrids (MGs) existing as part of the main grid (grid-connected) or independent (islanded). Contained in these microgrids are a combination of energy resources such as solar, wind and fossil-fuels coupled with storage devices, electric vehicles and smart devices supporting prosumer operation. However, the addition of renewable energy resources would mean fluctuations in energy supply which would cause power system instability if not managed effectively. Hence, to maximize the management flexibility of MGs, the concept of microgrid software-definition is introduced. A concept that can be looked at as giving the microgrid an operating system to improve operation response and event detection by maintaining a global view of the network. This paper therefore critically analyses what this entails by presenting an architecture for Software-Defined Microgrids and discussing the management opportunities that softwarization of the MG introduces. We also highlight the design requirements and associated challenges in implementing and deploying SDMGs.INDEX TERMS Energy balancing, grid resiliency, microgrids, power grid management, software-defined networking, smart grids.

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“…The research in [53] showed benefits for Li-ion batteries by reducing the charge and discharge cycles. The above was accomplished by the prediction of the power demand employing a recurrent neural network.…”

Section: Capacity-fade-type Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview on Electric-Stress Degradation Empirical Models for Electrochemical Devices in Smart Grids

2021

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The conversion from existing electrical networks into an all-renewable and environmentally friendly electrification scenario is insufficient to produce and distribute energy efficiently. Electrochemical devices’ premature degradation as a whole caused by electrical stressors in smart grids is incipient from an energy management strategies (EMS) perspective. Namely, few electrical-stress degradation models for photovoltaic panels, batteries, fuel cells, and super/ultra-capacitors (SCs), and particular stressors can be found in the literature. In this article, the basic operating principles for such devices, existing degradation models, and future research hints, including their incorporation in novel EMS, are condensed. The necessity of extending these studies to other stressors and devices is also emphasized. There are many other degradation models by non-electrical stressors, such as climatic conditions and mechanical wear. Although novel EMS should manage both electrical and non-electrical degradation mechanisms and include non-electrochemical devices, models with pure non-electrical-stressors are not the subject of this review since they already exist. Moreover, studies for the degradation of non-electrochemical devices by electrical stressors are very scarce.

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An improved vehicle to the grid method with battery longevity management in a microgrid application

Cited by 38 publications

References 55 publications

Integrating Battery Aging in the Optimization for Bidirectional Charging of Electric Vehicles

Integrating Battery Aging in the Optimization for Bidirectional Charging of Electric Vehicles

Software-Defined Power Grids: A Survey on Opportunities and Taxonomy for Microgrids

An Overview on Electric-Stress Degradation Empirical Models for Electrochemical Devices in Smart Grids

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