An Improved Medium for Culture of Mycoracterium Paratuberculosis from Bovine Faeces

Jb, Jørgensen

doi:10.1186/bf03546784

Cited by 91 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In order to compare humoral responses of animals suffering from an infection with a GMM-producing bacterium and animals exposed to GMM by immunization, sera of animals suffering from clinical paratuberculosis, caused by natural exposure to M. avium paratuberculosis , were included in this study. Diagnosis of MAP infection was performed using a faecal culture system [30] at the National Veterinary Health Service, Deventer, The Netherlands.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mycobacterial glycolipid glucose monomycolate induces a memory T cell response comparable to a model protein antigen and no B cell response upon experimental vaccination of cattle

Nguyen

Koets

Santema

et al. 2009

Vaccine

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Glycolipids are presented to T cells by human group 1 CD1 proteins, but are not used as subunit vaccines yet. Experimental immunizations with pure mycobacterial glucose monomycolate (GMM) and keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH) in cattle, a species which, unlike mice, expresses group 1 CD1, showed that GMM was equally efficient as KLH in generating T cell responses in blood, but not in the draining lymph node. Also, KLH induced strong antibody responses whereas GMM did not. These data suggest that non-overlapping T cell populations are targeted and demonstrate the potential of glycolipids as a special class of subunit vaccine candidates.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mycobacterial glycolipid glucose monomycolate induces a memory T cell response comparable to a model protein antigen and no B cell response upon experimental vaccination of cattle

Nguyen

Koets

Santema

et al. 2009

Vaccine

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“…During the preclinical stage, from initial infection typically as calves, to the time of manifested clinical signs, most often as adults, bacteria can be intermittently shed from infected cows and silently spread throughout a farm (Fecteau and Whitlock, 2010). Adult cows with clinical symptoms of MAP can shed 10 6 to 10 8 cfu/g of feces (Jørgensen, 1982;Whittington et al, 2000). However, a calf can become infected with MAP by ingesting only 50 to 10 3 cfu per calf (Gilmour et al, 1965;Chiodini, 1996), making the volume of MAP-contaminated feces required to infect a calf extremely low.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of detection method, season, and lactation stage on identification of fecal shedding in Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis infectious dairy cows

Laurin

Chaffer

McClure

et al. 2015

Journal of Dairy Science

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Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative organism of Johne's disease. Although fecal culture is considered the standard diagnostic test, the long incubation times, costs, and intermittent shedding of MAP hinder efficient screening programs based on culture results. The primary objectives of this study were to determine the detection ability of solid culture, broth culture, and real-time PCR (qPCR) for MAP in fecal samples and to assess how shedding patterns of MAP in feces vary with lactation stage and season. This knowledge could improve the use of these diagnostic assays in Johne's management programs. For this study, 51 MAP-infectious cows from 7 Atlantic Canadian dairy farms had fecal samples collected monthly over a 12-mo period. Samples were analyzed for MAP bacterial load via solid culture, broth culture, and qPCR. For all fecal samples, 46% [95% confidence interval (CI): 40 to 51%] were positive by solid culture, 55% (95% CI: 50 to 60%) by broth culture, and 78% (95% CI: 73 to 82%) by qPCR. Sensitivity of qPCR was numerically higher in the dry and postpartum lactation periods, and qPCR detection in summer and fall was 85% of that in winter and spring. Furthermore, culture-determined moderate or light shedding categories generally corresponded to qPCR cycle threshold values <35, but heavy shedding categories corresponded to qPCR values <29. Direct fecal qPCR is a MAP detection method that is quick and less costly than culture techniques, and it avoids the use of decontamination steps that could decrease numbers of bacteria in a sample below the detection limit. This study indicates that, for known MAP-positive cows, fecal qPCR had high sensitivity of MAP detection, thereby supporting the use of direct fecal qPCR as part of a Johne's herd control program.

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“…The use of an antimicrobial mixture has been introduced as a third decontamination step. 10 The growth media have been modified further to include an antimicrobial mixture to help control contamination. In 1993, this modification was adopted by the Animal Health Service in The Netherlands as a routine test for bovine paratuberculosis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Influencing the Isolation of Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis from Bovine Fecal Samples

et al. 1999

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Abstract. A modified procedure was used for culture of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis (Mptb) from bovine feces. Bovine fecal samples were decontaminated with NaOH, exposed to a mixture of oxalic acid and malachite green, incubated in a mixture of neomycin and amphotericin B. Decontaminated specimens were inoculated onto modified Löwenstein-Jensen medium. Specimens processed by high-speed centrifugation showed growth earlier than specimens prepared by low-speed centrifugation. However, the overall number of positive cultures at 16 weeks was not different for the 2 methods. When infected dairy herds were sampled 4 times at 6-month intervals and culture-positive cows were culled, the prevalence of infected cattle declined over time. After selective culling, the cattle left in the herds shed low numbers of Mptb, which explains why it took longer for cultures to become positive. No heifers younger than 11 months were culture positive, but heifers 13-14 months of age were more frequently culture positive than were heifers of any other age. The 16-week culture period is needed with this method to detect cattle shedding low numbers of Mptb. High-speed centrifugation of samples does not increase the efficiency of identification of animals shedding Mptb.

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An Improved Medium for Culture of Mycoracterium Paratuberculosis from Bovine Faeces

Cited by 91 publications

References 13 publications

The mycobacterial glycolipid glucose monomycolate induces a memory T cell response comparable to a model protein antigen and no B cell response upon experimental vaccination of cattle

The mycobacterial glycolipid glucose monomycolate induces a memory T cell response comparable to a model protein antigen and no B cell response upon experimental vaccination of cattle

The association of detection method, season, and lactation stage on identification of fecal shedding in Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis infectious dairy cows

Factors Influencing the Isolation of Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis from Bovine Fecal Samples

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