An Improved Medical Image Watermarking Technique Based on Weber’s Law Descriptors

Abstract

In distributed m-health communication, it is a major challenge to develop an efficient blind watermarking method to protect the confidential medical data of patients. This paper proposes an efficient blind watermarking for medical images, which boasts a very high embedding capacity, a good robustness, and a strong imperceptibility. Three techniques, namely, discrete cosine transform (DCT), Weber’s descriptors (WDs), and Arnold chaotic map, were integrated to our method. Specifically, the Arnold chaotic map was used to scramble the watermark image. Then, the medical image was partitioned into non-over lapping blocks, and each block was subjected to DCT. After that, the scrambled watermark image data were embedded in the middle-band DCT coefficients of each block, such that two bits were embedded in each block. Simulation results show that the proposed watermarking method provides better imperceptibility, robustness, and computational complexity results with higher embedding capacity than the contrastive method.

Entropy Based Secure and Robust Image Watermarking Using Lifting Wavelet Transform and Multi-Level-Multiple Image Scrambling Technique

“…Hacker can make use of correlation to find out the watermark image. Arnold transform is broadly employed for image scrambling [31][32][33][34].…”

Robust watermarking algorithm for medical images based on accelerated‐KAZE discrete cosine transform

“…Chaos is a seemingly irregular motion that refers to a randomlike process that occurs in deterministic systems. Among them, the logistic map is one of the most famous chaotic systems [20], which presents a non-linear mapping through Equation (10).…”

“…In the same year, Soualmi, Abdallah et al. [10] proposed a blind watermarking algorithm for medical images based on Schur decomposition and chaotic sequences, using chaotic methods to encrypt the images and embedding the encrypted watermark bits into the encrypted cover image blocks based on Schur decomposition. Trinadh Reddy, K.V.S.V.…”

“…In 2022, Moad, Med Sayah et al [9] proposed a wavelet-based watermarking scheme for medical images, which divides the watermarking into two parts, the patient's information fingerprint and the patient's encrypted photography, and divides the medical image into four sub-bands for integration calculation using the discrete wavelet transform for secure transmission in telemedicine applications. In the same year, Soualmi, Abdallah et al [10] proposed a blind watermarking algorithm for medical images based on Schur decomposition and chaotic sequences, using chaotic methods to encrypt the images and embedding the encrypted watermark bits into the encrypted cover image blocks based on Schur decomposition. Trinadh Reddy, K.V.S.V.…”