The spread of coronavirus and the resulting lockdown has significantly disrupted every facet of human life including education. Educational institutions from elementary to tertiary level in India were shut. This unexpected move had created a huge gap within the education sector. In India, almost 32 crore learners stopped going to schools, colleges. Since change is inevitable, the education world reacted positively to all elicited challenges and ensured the continuity of teaching-learning by reinventing themselves and adopting to various online teaching tools. This chapter is a depiction of online teaching-learning adopted by educational institutions of India from elementary to tertiary level; hence, it addresses required essentialities, changes, government initiatives, digital revolution opportunities, issues in practical learning in online mode, Ed-Tech start-ups, challenges, and inequalities for the same in Indian context.
Online platforms became preferred mode of communication due to advancement in communication technology. Sharing of digital documents over online communication medium grown exponentially and thus demanded a secure, robust and transparent watermarking technique for authenticity of digital media and copyright protection. This research study proposes a robust and secure non-blind SVD-LWT watermarking technique. Color images are employed instead of gray scale images and Y channel of YCbCr color model is utilized to embed secret digital information. The selected color model is in accordance with the human visual system and Y channel is ideal for data hiding. Two level LWT, SVD is used and diagonal matrix of Y channel of host (cover) and watermark image along with scaling factor (α) is used to embed digital data. Block based and chaotic image encryption transform are used for image scrambling. The performances of presented watermarking scheme evaluated with the aid of fidelity parameters namely MSE, PSNR, SSIM and NCC.
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