An implantable 64-channel neural interface with reconfigurable recording and stimulation

Abstract

Next generation implantable medical devices will have the potential to provide more precise and effective therapies through adaptive closed-loop controllers that combine sensing and stimulation across larger numbers of electrode channels. A major challenge in the design of such devices is balancing increased functionality and channel counts with the miniaturization required for implantation within small anatomical spaces. Customized therapies will require adaptive systems capable of tuning which channels are sensed and stimulated to overcome variability in patient-specific needs, surgical placement of electrodes, and chronic physiological responses. In order to address these challenges, we have designed a miniaturized implantable fully-reconfigurable front-end system that is integrated into the distal end of an 8-wire lead, enabling up to 64 electrodes to be dynamically configured for sensing and stimulation. Full reconfigurability is enabled by two custom 32×2 cross-point switch (CPS) matrix ASICs which can route any electrode to either an amplifier with reprogrammable bandwidth and integrated ADC or to one of two independent stimulation channels that can be driven through the lead. The 8-wire circuit includes a digital interface for robust communication as well as a charge-balanced powering scheme for enhanced safety. The system is encased in a hermetic package designed to fit within a 14 mm bur-hole in the skull for neuromodulation of the brain, but could easily be adapted to enhance therapies across a broad spectrum of applications.

VirtEl - Software for Magnetic Encephalography Data Analysis by the Method of Virtual Electrodes

“…В приведенных выше исследованиях нейроинтерфейсы были имплантированы парализованным людям, и после долгих тренировок эти люди смогли совершать кибер-протезами сложные движения, близкие к естественным. В другой работе [9] был создан компактный 64-канальный имплантируемый нейроинтерфейс, способный одновременно как записывать поступающие от мозга сигналы, так и применять электростимуляцию. Это позволяет создать двунаправленные интерфейсы мозг -компьютер: не только анализировать «команды» мозга и передавать их, например, кибер-протезам, но и давать мозгу обратную связь, имитируя физические ощущения [10].…”

Charting the road forward in psychiatric neurosurgery: proceedings of the 2016 American Society for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery workshop on neuromodulation for psychiatric disorders

“…Nevertheless, most participants agreed that this is a high-priority area and that progress in one field will likely help in a synergistic fashion with others. In fact, a circuit design was proposed for a device that could potentially record from and stimulate several brain regions, with on-board logic controls and transcutaneous telemetry capability, all within a form factor that could fit within a 14 mm burr hole 61. As proof of principle, the first example of closed-loop brain stimulation, responsive neurostimulation for epilepsy, is already in clinical use 62 63.…”

Closed-loop neuromodulation systems: next-generation treatments for psychiatric illness

“…One new device currently under investigation is being developed by the TRANSFORM DBS program (Bjune et al, 2015; Wheeler et al, 2015). The system contains a central hub, multiple satellite processors for digitizing and routing neural activity, a transreceiver, and a base station.…”

“…As closed-loop concepts become more popular, many groups have been developing (Ahrens, Orger, Robson, Li, & Keller, 2013; Bjune et al, 2015; Seo et al, 2013; Wheeler et al, 2015). Using benchtop laboratory systems, terabytes to petabytes of detailed data can already be extracted from the brain.…”