An image feature consolidation technique (IFCT) to capture multi-range droplet size distributions in atomizing liquid sheets

Asgarian, Ali; Yang, Ziwei; Zhou, Tuo; Bussmann, Markus; Chattopadhyay, Kinnor

doi:10.1007/s00348-019-2847-6

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Asgarian et al. (2020) estimated the thresholding error as (where denotes the exact area occupied by the droplet) for resolution ( in this study). Taking the droplet diameter as , we obtain .…”

Section: Experimental Set-up and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The uncertainty of the droplet diameter measurement (Asgarian et al. 2020) is obtained as , where and denote the errors caused by the resolution of the image and threshold of binarization, respectively, and is the total number of detected droplets. For the resolution error, the pixelated droplet can be larger than up to pixel in diameter than the exact value, thus .…”

Section: Experimental Set-up and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the droplet size estimation, we performed the uncertainty analysis using error propagation theory. The uncertainty of the droplet diameter measurement (Asgarian et al 2020) is obtained as δd 32 = (δd 2 res + δd 2 thresh )/m, where δd res and δd thresh denote the errors caused by the resolution of the image and threshold of binarization, respectively, and m is the total number of detected droplets. For the resolution error, the pixelated droplet can be larger than up to 1 pixel in diameter than the exact value, thus δd res < 1 pixel = 5.0 μm.…”

Section: Shadowgraph For the Atomization Visualization And Droplet Si...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this process, the false pixel that does not contain the bubble area might be converted as the bubble (on the other hand, the bubble-containing pixel can be precluded). Asgarian et al (2020) estimated the thresholding error as δA thresh /A = 8-12 % (where A denotes the exact area occupied by the droplet) for resolution 2.4-19.8 μm pixel −1 (5.0 μm pixel −1 in this study). Taking the droplet diameter as d 32 = √ 4A/π, we obtain δd 32 /d 32 = 0.5δA/A.…”

Section: Shadowgraph For the Atomization Visualization And Droplet Si...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of liquid column atomization by annular dual-nozzle gas jet flow

2022

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The atomization of a water column by a gas jet flow (Reynolds number $\sim O(10^{4}\unicode{x2013}10^{5})$ ) issued from a two-stage annular nozzle is investigated experimentally. Varying the nozzle geometry, the momentum flux ratio of the upper and lower jets, and the water flow rate, we measure the processes of atomization with high-speed imaging, analysed analytically into four regimes. In the bulk atomization regime, the atomization is driven by the lower jet, but it is forced to occur earlier by the stronger upper jet before the water column reaches the lower jet in the droplet atomization regime. Interestingly, the size of the atomized droplets remains unaffected by the momentum flux ratio of upper to lower jets. The atomization process is governed by the Rayleigh–Taylor instability, by which the estimated droplet size agrees well with the measurement. In the backflow regime, a strong reverse flow is induced to force a substantial portion of atomized droplets to be drawn backward to the nozzle; a floating liquid column regime is captured transitionally, i.e. the column stagnates near the lower nozzle when the water flow rate is very low. To understand the mechanisms of each regime, the single-phase jet flow is measured separately using particle image velocimetry, and implemented into the control volume analysis with which we predicted analytically and validated the conditions for the occurrence of each regime. It is found that the acceleration of gas flow (velocity gradient) experienced by the falling water is the key parameter to drive the atomization.

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Section: Experimental Set-up and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Set-up and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Shadowgraph For the Atomization Visualization And Droplet Si...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Shadowgraph For the Atomization Visualization And Droplet Si...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of liquid column atomization by annular dual-nozzle gas jet flow

2022

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“…Shadowgraph imaging stands out as a usually inexpensive but powerful technique [12]. Asgarian et al, [13] make use of shadowgraph to acquire the droplet size distribution of an atomizer discharging a flat liquid sheet. Najafi et al, [9] applied the shadowgraph imaging technique to investigate the spray angle, breakup length, and droplet size of a swirl atomizer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Analysis of Tangential-Vane Swirl Atomizer Spray Angle

Ghaffar

Kasolang

Eshak

2023

ARFMTS

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A swirl atomizer is a widely applied spray-generating device. The swirling motion of a swirl atomizer is induced either by a tangential inlet or a swirl-generating vane. The swirling effect produces a spray with a wide angle which is important in various applications such as gas cooling, diesel engine combustion, and automatic hand sanitizer. An intense swirling mechanism was reported to significantly affect the spray angle. An attempt was made by combining tangential inlet and swirl-generating vane in a single embodiment to create a more intense swirling effect. The experiment was conducted with pipe flow in transition and turbulence regimes. The shadowgraph technique was applied to acquire the spray images. The images were processed using image processing software. It was found that the combined swirling mechanism produces a wider spray angle compared to the individual tangential inlet swirl atomizer. It was also found that the swirling intensity has a bigger effect on the spray angle than the Reynolds number.

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Experimental analysis of Lagrangian paths of drops generated by liquid/liquid sprays

Kewalramani

Dossmann

et al. 2022

Exp Fluids

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In the present study, Lagrangian measurements of drop motion of a two-phase spray are analyzed to estimate the collision, fragmentation, size, and velocity field of the drops. An experimental setup is designed to record fluorescence images of drops, illuminated by a planar laser sheet. The recorded images are then processed with a commercially available Lagrangian tracking software, Track. The methodology for particle identification, tracking, and size approximation in Track in the near interface region of spray is stated. With the stated methodology, the information about size, velocity, fragmentation, collision, and change in the shape of the drops are obtained. The effectiveness of the developed methodology is tested against synthetically produced images and is then applied to a liquid/liquid jet. Similar behaviors for dispersed phase fragmentation-collision and mass fragmented along axial location normalized by breakup length of the jet are reported.

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An image feature consolidation technique (IFCT) to capture multi-range droplet size distributions in atomizing liquid sheets

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Analysis of liquid column atomization by annular dual-nozzle gas jet flow

Analysis of liquid column atomization by annular dual-nozzle gas jet flow

Experimental Analysis of Tangential-Vane Swirl Atomizer Spray Angle

Experimental analysis of Lagrangian paths of drops generated by liquid/liquid sprays

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