An ice-core record of atmospheric response to anthropogenic sulphate and nitrate

Mayewski, Paul Andrew; Lyons, W. Berry; Spencer, Mark G.; Twickler, Mark S.; Buck, Christopher F.; Whitlow, Sallie I.

doi:10.1038/346554a0

Cited by 261 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…First, nitrate deposited in snow and stored in glacier ice has been used to indirectly assess past atmospheric levels of NO• (NO+NO2) (e.g., [Mayewski et al, 1990;Fischer et al, 1998]), as HNO3 is the sink for most atmospheric NOs. However, there is evidence that nitrate is redistributed within the snowpack after deposition [Dibb et al, 1994 In order to investigate the potential occurrence of reactions involving nitrogen oxides within surface snow, we conducted measurements of the composition of ambient air, surface snow, and snow interstitial air in central Greenland.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of NO_x production within or upon ice particles in the Greenland snowpack

Honrath

Peterson

Guo

et al. 1999

Geophysical Research Letters

357

339

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of NO_x production within or upon ice particles in the Greenland snowpack

Honrath

Peterson

Guo

et al. 1999

Geophysical Research Letters

357

339

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“…2A). In addition, the strength of this snow-sourced NO x is amplified by increasing snow nitrate concentrations originating from transport and deposition of anthropogenic nitrate from lower latitudes (5,19). The net isotopic effect of this process on ice core δ 15 N depends on the net loss or gain of snow nitrate resulting in enrichment and depletion in δ 15 N, respectively, the magnitude of which is unknown.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen isotopes in ice core nitrate linked to anthropogenic atmospheric acidity change

Geng

Alexander²,

Cole‐Dai

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Nitrogen stable isotope ratio (δ 15 N) in Greenland snow nitrate and in North American remote lake sediments has decreased gradually beginning as early as ∼1850 Christian Era. This decrease was attributed to increasing atmospheric deposition of anthropogenic nitrate, reflecting an anthropogenic impact on the global nitrogen cycle, and the impact was thought to be amplified ∼1970. However, our subannually resolved ice core records of δ 15 N and major ions (e.g., NO − 3 , SO 2− 4 ) over the last ∼200 y show that the decrease in δ 15 N is not always associated with increasing NO − 3 concentrations, and the decreasing trend actually leveled off ∼1970. Correlation of δ 15 N with H + , NO − 3 , and HNO 3 concentrations, combined with nitrogen isotope fractionation models, suggests that the δ 15 N decrease from ∼1850-1970 was mainly caused by an anthropogenic-driven increase in atmospheric acidity through alteration of the gas−particle partitioning of atmospheric nitrate. The concentrations of NO − 3 and SO 2− 4 also leveled off ∼1970, reflecting the effect of air pollution mitigation strategies in North America on anthropogenic NO x and SO 2 emissions. The consequent atmospheric acidity change, as reflected in the ice core record of H + concentrations, is likely responsible for the leveling off of δ 15 N ∼1970, which, together with the leveling off of NO − 3 concentrations, suggests a regional mitigation of anthropogenic impact on the nitrogen cycle. Our results highlight the importance of atmospheric processes in controlling δ 15 N of nitrate and should be considered when using δ 15 N as a source indicator to study atmospheric flux of nitrate to land surface/ecosystems.fossil fuel emissions | proxy | industrial | acid deposition | clean air act

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“…De nombreuses études glaciochimiques ont permis de caractériser les variations de la concentration des composés chimiques au cours du temps (Boutron et al, 1991;Mayewski et al, 1986Mayewski et al, et 1990. Nous avons montré que certaines variations liées à la perturbation anthropique sont très évidentes au Site A où les concentrations actuelles de NO, et S0 4 2 sont trois à quatre fois plus élevées que lors des périodes pré-industrielles (Laj et al, 1992).…”

Section: Le Role Des Eruptions Volcaniquesunclassified

Contribution de la glaciochimie à l'étude de l'impact atmosphérique des éruptions volcaniques

Laj¹,

Sigurdsson²,

Palais³

et al. 1993

Météorologie

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L'étude des variations de la composition chimique de l'atmosphère au cours du temps permet de reconstituer les modifications passées de l'environnement. En effet, la composition atmosphérique est le résultat des multiples interactions entre les différents cycles géochimiques et des variations de certains paramètres physiques de la Terre, comme les apports radiatifs du Soleil ou la circulation océanique. La concentration des composés mineurs de l'atmosphère varie également en fonction de l'intensité des sources et des puits des différents constituants chimiques. La concentration et le comportement des composés atmosphériques reflètent donc un environnement très spécifique, et leurs variations spatiales et temporelles fournissent des informations importantes sur les propriétés de l'atmosphère à une période donnée.(*) Paolo Laj a reçu le prix Prud'homme 1993 pour la thèse dont est tiré cet article.

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An ice-core record of atmospheric response to anthropogenic sulphate and nitrate

Cited by 261 publications

References 12 publications

Evidence of NO_x production within or upon ice particles in the Greenland snowpack

Evidence of NO_x production within or upon ice particles in the Greenland snowpack

Nitrogen isotopes in ice core nitrate linked to anthropogenic atmospheric acidity change

Contribution de la glaciochimie à l'étude de l'impact atmosphérique des éruptions volcaniques

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An ice-core record of atmospheric response to anthropogenic sulphate and nitrate

Cited by 261 publications

References 12 publications

Evidence of NOx production within or upon ice particles in the Greenland snowpack

Evidence of NOx production within or upon ice particles in the Greenland snowpack

Nitrogen isotopes in ice core nitrate linked to anthropogenic atmospheric acidity change

Contribution de la glaciochimie à l'étude de l'impact atmosphérique des éruptions volcaniques

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Evidence of NO_x production within or upon ice particles in the Greenland snowpack

Evidence of NO_x production within or upon ice particles in the Greenland snowpack