An <i>Arabidopsis</i> Soil-Salinity–Tolerance Mutation Confers Ethylene-Mediated Enhancement of Sodium/Potassium Homeostasis

Jiang, Caifu; Belfield, Eric J.; Cao, Yi; Smith, J. Andrew C.; Harberd, Nicholas P.

doi:10.1105/tpc.113.115659

Cited by 222 publications

(193 citation statements)

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“…Plants have evolved mechanisms to circumvent the effects of high soil Na + , the most prevalent ionic form of natural soil-salinity (Zhu 2002). While the short-term physiological consequences of exposure to high soil-salinity are increasingly well understood (Rus et al 2001;Zhu 2002;Ren et al 2005;Munns and Tester 2008;Baxter et al 2010;Jiang et al 2012Jiang et al , 2013Zhou et al 2012), the longer-term evolutionary genetic and epigenetic consequences are not. For example, it was not previously known if multiple successive generations of exposure to soil-salinity stress changes the properties of genome-wide accumulated de novo variants, thus in turn affecting evolutionary processes.…”

Section: [Supplemental Materials Is Available For This Article]mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmentally responsive genome-wide accumulation of de novoArabidopsis thalianamutations and epimutations

et al. 2014

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Evolution is fueled by phenotypic diversity, which is in turn due to underlying heritable genetic (and potentially epigenetic) variation. While environmental factors are well known to influence the accumulation of novel variation in microorganisms and human cancer cells, the extent to which the natural environment influences the accumulation of novel variation in plants is relatively unknown. Here we use whole-genome and whole-methylome sequencing to test if a specific environmental stress (high-salinity soil) changes the frequency and molecular profile of accumulated mutations and epimutations (changes in cytosine methylation status) in mutation accumulation (MA) lineages of Arabidopsis thaliana. We first show that stressed lineages accumulate~100% more mutations, and that these mutations exhibit a distinctive molecular mutational spectrum (specific increases in relative frequency of transversion and insertion/deletion [indel] mutations). We next show that stressed lineages accumulate~45% more differentially methylated cytosine positions (DMPs) at CG sites (CG-DMPs) than controls, and also show that while many (~75%) of these CG-DMPs are inherited, some can be lost in subsequent generations. Finally, we show that stress-associated CG-DMPs arise more frequently in genic than in nongenic regions of the genome. We suggest that commonly encountered natural environmental stresses can accelerate the accumulation and change the profiles of novel inherited variants in plants. Our findings are significant because stress exposure is common among plants in the wild, and they suggest that environmental factors may significantly alter the rates and patterns of incidence of the inherited novel variants that fuel plant evolution.[Supplemental material is available for this article.]In The Origin of Species, Darwin identified heritable variation as fundamental to biological evolution (Darwin 1859), although he could not define that variation. We now understand that the heritable variation underlying evolution is substantially due to genetic (e.g., DNA sequence mutation) and potentially to epigenetic (e.g., altered cytosine methylation or histone modification status) change

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Section: [Supplemental Materials Is Available For This Article]mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plant material was oven-dried at 80°C, weighed, and then digested in concentrated (69% v/v) HNO 3 for at least 12 h. Sodium concentrations were determined in appropriately diluted samples using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Analysis100, Perkin-Elmer) as previously described (Jiang et al , 2013.…”

Section: Salt Content Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmentally responsive genome-wide accumulation of de novoArabidopsis thalianamutations and epimutations

et al. 2014

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“…One of the primary causes of this inhibition is the production and perception of ethylene in the roots [93]. Plants and PGPR both have ACC-deaminases, which possess the ability to lower the concentration of ethylene in the roots and root zone.…”

Section: Key Mechanisms Targeted By Humic and Fulvic Acid Based Biostmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of biostimulants and bioeffectors as alleviators of abiotic stress in crop plants

Oosten

Pepe

Pascale

et al. 2017

Chem. Biol. Technol. Agric.

633

399

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The use of bioeffectors, formally known as plant biostimulants, has become common practice in agriculture and provides a number of benefits in stimulating growth and protecting against stress. A biostimulant is loosely defined as an organic material and/or microorganism that is applied to enhance nutrient uptake, stimulate growth, enhance stress tolerance or crop quality. This review is intended to provide a broad overview of known effects of biostimulants and their ability to improve tolerance to abiotic stresses. Inoculation or application of extracts from algae or other plants have beneficial effects on growth and stress adaptation. Algal extracts, protein hydrolysates, humic and fulvic acids, and other compounded mixtures have properties beyond basic nutrition, often enhancing growth and stress tolerance. Non-pathogenic bacteria capable of colonizing roots and the rhizosphere also have a number of positive effects. These effects include higher yield, enhanced nutrient uptake and utilization, increased photosynthetic activity, and resistance to both biotic and abiotic stresses. While most biostimulants have numerous and diverse effects on plant growth, this review focuses on the bioprotective effects against abiotic stress. Agricultural biostimulants may contribute to make agriculture more sustainable and resilient and offer an alternative to synthetic protectants which have increasingly falling out of favour with consumers. An extensive review of the literature shows a clear role for a diverse number of biostimulants that have protective effects against abiotic stress but also reveals the urgent need to address the underlying mechanisms responsible for these effects.

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“…By contrast, elevated ET production was found in the sst1 (soil salinity tolerant1) Arabidopsis mutant. The enhanced salt tolerance of this mutant seems to occur through an improved Na + /K + homeostasis resulting of the reduced root influx and shoot delivery of Na + [27] (Figure 2). Likewise, the use of an ACC oxidase (ACO) antisense in tomato plants confirmed the ET role under drought.…”

Section: Effect Of Et On Plant Growth Responses Under Drought and Salmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of Endogenous Hormonal Levels in Plants under Drought and Salinity

Llanes¹,

Andrade²,

Alemano³

et al. 2016

AJPS

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The phytohormones are pivotal chemical messengers produced within the plant that regulate its growth and development, and responses to environmental stimuli. Drought and salinity are adverse environmental factors that disturb the plant hormonal balance. Accordingly, these hormonal fluctuations modify the cellular dynamic and hence they play a central role in regulating plant growth responses to abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity. The present review gives an update about the alterations of endogenous phytohormones such as abscisic acid (ABA), auxins (Aux), cytokinins (CKs), ethylene (ET), gibberellins (GAs), jasmonates (JAs), salicylic acid (SA), brassinosteroids (BRs), strigolactones (SLs) and nitric oxide (NO) that occur as part of the adaptative responses of plant against drought and salt stresses. Better understanding of the endogenous hormonal changes during the plant response to both abiotic stresses will contribute, in part, to the development of stress-tolerant plants.

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An Arabidopsis Soil-Salinity–Tolerance Mutation Confers Ethylene-Mediated Enhancement of Sodium/Potassium Homeostasis

Cited by 222 publications

References 121 publications

Environmentally responsive genome-wide accumulation of de novoArabidopsis thalianamutations and epimutations

Environmentally responsive genome-wide accumulation of de novoArabidopsis thalianamutations and epimutations

The role of biostimulants and bioeffectors as alleviators of abiotic stress in crop plants

Alterations of Endogenous Hormonal Levels in Plants under Drought and Salinity

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