An fMRI study of auditory hallucinations in patients with epilepsy

Korsnes, Maria Stylianou; Hugdahl, Kenneth; Nygård, Merethe; Bjørnæs, Helge

doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02338.x

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Patients with epilepsy also demonstrate similar results on behavioral and neuroimaging analyses when compared to patients with schizophrenia, providing further evidence for AVH existing trans-diagnostically, that is, a symptom independent of diagnostic categorization. That the neuropsychological and neuroimaging indices of AVH in epilepsy are similar to those found in schizophrenia (Korsnes et al, 2010) lends weight once more to AVH being orthogonal of any one diagnosis.…”

Section: Epilepsymentioning

confidence: 80%

A comprehensive review of auditory verbal hallucinations: lifetime prevalence, correlates and mechanisms in healthy and clinical individuals

Leede-Smith¹,

Barkus²

2013

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

161

131

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Over the years, the prevalence of auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) have been documented across the lifespan in varied contexts, and with a range of potential long-term outcomes. Initially the emphasis focused on whether AVHs conferred risk for psychosis. However, recent research has identified significant differences in the presentation and outcomes of AVH in patients compared to those in non-clinical populations. For this reason, it has been suggested that auditory hallucinations are an entity by themselves and not necessarily indicative of transition along the psychosis continuum. This review will examine the presentation of auditory hallucinations across the life span, as well as in various clinical groups. The stages described include childhood, adolescence, adult non-clinical populations, hypnagogic/hypnopompic experiences, high schizotypal traits, schizophrenia, substance induced AVH, AVH in epilepsy, and AVH in the elderly. In children, need for care depends upon whether the child associates the voice with negative beliefs, appraisals and other symptoms of psychosis. This theme appears to carry right through to healthy voice hearers in adulthood, in which a negative impact of the voice usually only exists if the individual has negative experiences as a result of their voice(s). This includes features of the voices such as the negative content, frequency, and emotional valence as well as anxiety and depression, independently or caused by voices presence. It seems possible that the mechanisms which maintain AVH in non-clinical populations are different from those which are behind AVH presentations in psychotic illness. For example, the existence of maladaptive coping strategies in patient populations is one significant difference between clinical and non-clinical groups which is associated with a need for care. Whether or not these mechanisms start out the same and have differential trajectories is not yet evidenced. Future research needs to focus on the comparison of underlying factors and mechanisms that lead to the onset of AVH in both patient and non-clinical populations.

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Section: Epilepsymentioning

confidence: 80%

A comprehensive review of auditory verbal hallucinations: lifetime prevalence, correlates and mechanisms in healthy and clinical individuals

Leede-Smith¹,

Barkus²

2013

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

161

131

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“…A finding that proved modality-specific. In patient studies, clinical manifestations of visual, auditory, and olfactory hallucinations have been observed for a range of conditions, such as epilepsy (visual: Panayiotopoulos, 1999; auditory: Korsnes et al, 2010; olfactory: West and Doty, 1995), and as a result of cocaine abuse (Siegel, 1978). Dream studies have demonstrated sensory specific components included in visual (e.g., MacCarely and Hoffman, 1981), auditory (e.g., Zadra et al, 1998), and olfactory dream reports (e.g., Stevenson and Case, 2005a).…”

Section: Similarities Among Visual Auditory and Olfactory Imagerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Same same but different: the case of olfactory imagery

Arshamian

Larsson

2014

Front. Psychol.

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In the present work we present an overview of experimental findings corroborating olfactory imagery observations with the visual and auditory modalities. Overall, the results indicate that imagery of olfactory information share many features with those observed in the primary senses although some major differences are evident. One such difference pertains to the considerable individual differences observed, with the majority being unable to reproduce olfactory information in their mind. Here, we highlight factors that are positively related to an olfactory imagery capacity, such as semantic knowledge, perceptual experience, and olfactory interest that may serve as potential moderators of the large individual variation.

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“…While hallucinations are well-known as a core symptom of schizophrenia (Shergill et al ., 1998), they are also associated with a wide variety of psychological disorders such as mood and anxiety disorders and personality disorders as well as in healthy individuals (Posey and Losch, 1983; Bentall, 1990; Tien, 1991; Honig et al ., 1998; Johns et al ., 2004; Graham Scott et al ., 2007; Sommer et al ., 2008; Korsnes et al ., 2010; Wigman et al ., 2012; Kelleher et al ., 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory hallucinations, top-down processing and language perception: a general population study

et al. 2019

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BackgroundStudies investigating the underlying mechanisms of hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia suggest that an imbalance in top-down expectations v. bottom-up processing underlies these errors in perception. This study evaluates this hypothesis by testing if individuals drawn from the general population who have had auditory hallucinations (AH) have more misperceptions in auditory language perception than those who have never hallucinated.MethodsWe used an online survey to determine the presence of hallucinations. Participants filled out the Questionnaire for Psychotic Experiences and participated in an auditory verbal recognition task to assess both correct perceptions (hits) and misperceptions (false alarms). A hearing test was performed to screen for hearing problems.ResultsA total of 5115 individuals from the general Dutch population participated in this study. Participants who reported AH in the week preceding the test had a higher false alarm rate in their auditory perception compared with those without such (recent) experiences. The more recent the AH were experienced, the more mistakes participants made. While the presence of verbal AH (AVH) was predictive for false alarm rate in auditory language perception, the presence of non-verbal or visual hallucinations were not.ConclusionsThe presence of AVH predicted false alarm rate in auditory language perception, whereas the presence of non-verbal auditory or visual hallucinations was not, suggesting that enhanced top-down processing does not transfer across modalities. More false alarms were observed in participants who reported more recent AVHs. This is in line with models of enhanced influence of top-down expectations in persons who hallucinate.

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An fMRI study of auditory hallucinations in patients with epilepsy

Cited by 20 publications

References 40 publications

A comprehensive review of auditory verbal hallucinations: lifetime prevalence, correlates and mechanisms in healthy and clinical individuals

A comprehensive review of auditory verbal hallucinations: lifetime prevalence, correlates and mechanisms in healthy and clinical individuals

Same same but different: the case of olfactory imagery

Auditory hallucinations, top-down processing and language perception: a general population study

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