An Extensible Architecture for Next Generation Scalable Parallel Reservoir Simulation

Abstract

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Development of an Efficient Embedded Discrete Fracture Model for 3D Compositional Reservoir Simulation in Fractured Reservoirs

“…The EDFM was run on a proprietary general-purpose simulator that was designed for structured grid models. The USDFM runs were performed using a next-generation simulator that was designed for parallel simulation of unstructured grid models (DeBaun et al, 2005). Because performance data are not directly comparable we do not present them here.…”

“…Parallel processing with high performance computing clusters can alleviate these challenges to a good extent. Wang et al (1997), Zhang et al (2001), Dogru et al (2002), Gai et al (2003), andDeBaun et al (2005) demonstrated the necessity, advantages, and applicability of using parallel processing for large-scale reservoir simulations.…”

A backward automatic differentiation framework for reservoir simulation

“…The first expression-template-based AD dates back to 2001 when Aubert et al [2] applied it in a flow control problem. In recent years, expression-templatebased AD has been introduced to reservoir simulators [12,[33][34][35]. However, these AD implementations all make use of the forward mode which is convenient for application but computationally inefficient for sophisticated expressions.…”

“…External libraries are preferred in modern reservoir simulators. Researchoriented simulators, such as MRST [18] and GPRS [11], as well as commercial simulators, such as Schlumberger Intersect [12], have already introduced AD libraries to simplify the coding of gradients. In a recent modification, GPRS uses ADETL to reconstruct most of its formulations and is, hence, renamed as AD-GPRS [33,34], in which the data from basic independent variables to the residual vectors are all AD structures.…”

A multi-continuum multi-phase parallel simulator for large-scale conventional and unconventional reservoirs

“…In (Dogru et al, 2002(Dogru et al, , 2009), Dogru et al developed a parallel simulator, GigaPOWERS, which has been successfully applied to a case with one billion gird cells, and a truncated Neumann series preconditioner is developed. In (DeBaun et al, 2005), an objectoriented, component-based architecture is designed, built on which a black oil simulator and a compositional simulator are developed.…”