An extended imprecise computation model for time-constrained speech processing and generation

Optimal reward-based scheduling of periodic real-time tasks

“…The first derivative of a nondecreasing concave function is nonincreasing. Linear and general concave functions are considered the most realistic and typical in the literature since they adequately capture the behavior of many application areas such as those mentioned above [4,6,19,3,21,12,7,17,20]. In this paper, we show that the case of convex reward functions is an NP-Hard problem and thus focus on linear and concave reward functions.…”

“…However, in many application areas such as multimedia applications [17], image and speech processing [4,6,19], timedependent planning [3], robot control/navigation systems [21], medical decision making [9], information gathering [7], realtime heuristic search [12] and database query processing [20] a partial or approximate but timely result is usually acceptable.…”

“…In the former, errors (or optional parts left unexecuted) have no effect on the future instances of the same task. Well-known examples of this category are tasks that periodically receive, process and transmit audio, video or compressed images [4,6,19] as well as information retrieval tasks [7,20]. In "error cumulative" applications, such as radar tracking, an optional instance must be executed completely at every (predetermined) k invocations.…”

Incorporating error recovery into the imprecise computation model

“…On the aother hand, an approximate but timely result may be acceptable in many application areas. Examples of such applications are multimedia applications [ 151, image and speech processing [6,8,181, time-dependent planning [5], robot controVnavigation systems [20], medical decision making [IO], information gathering [9], real-time heuristic search [ 1 I] and database query processing [ 191. The imprecise computation approach is a technique of improving the responsiveness and resource utilization of systems where requirements are less stringent than hard-real time envi- 'This work has been supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (Contract DABT63-96-C-0044).…”

“…Linear and general concave functions represent most of the real-world applications such as those mentioned above [6,8,18, 15, 5 , 20, 1 I , 9, 191. Note that the first derivative of a nondecreasing concave function is nonincreasing.…”