Designing real‐time systems using imprecise discrete‐event system specifications

Wainer, Gabriel; Moallemi, Mohammad

doi:10.1002/spe.2831

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…New I-DEVS-based techniques to overcome overrun conditions under imprecise computing approach are presented in Wainer and Moallemi. 14 Although I-DEVS provides a mechanism for defining and studying real-time models and their timing constraints, we need to translate the models into executable specifications into running in real-time computing hardware. To make this happen, we convert the models into real-time tasks, and those tasks execute predictably.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating I-DEVS and schedulability methods for analyzing real-time systems constraints

Mello

Wainer

2022

SIMULATION

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The design of embedded real-time systems (RTS) is challenging due to the criticality of the timing constraints of these systems. Various informal and formal methods for RTS design have been proposed, both in the design space and the real-time execution at the hardware level, but many of these methods are not effective when the complexity of the system scales up. Here, we discuss a new method to integrate a modeling (and simulation) formalism that allows designing complex systems specifications for real-time constraints called Imprecise-DEVS (I-DEVS), and the mapping of such high-level models into a real-time task model. This method allows analyzing real-time constraints both at the high level of modeling as well as the low level of the tasks executed by the processing units and the Operating System. A new method to study the schedulability of the task models is proposed. The method provides a design analysis space from the model level, up to the individual tasks, with a focus on the schedulability of real-time constraints under transient overloading conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating I-DEVS and schedulability methods for analyzing real-time systems constraints

Mello

Wainer

2022

SIMULATION

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“…. In the cloud computing environment, the remote users can obtain computational resources over the Internet in scalable fashion based on their requirement 2 . Cloud computing has become a backbone for the IT infrastructure of different industries and organizations, viz., education, weather forecasting, hedge funding, e‐commerce, and big data solution 3,4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HEART: Unrelated parallel machines problem with precedence constraints for task scheduling in cloud computing using heuristic and meta‐heuristic algorithms

et al. 2020

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Summary Cloud computing is becoming a profitable technology because of it offers cost‐effective IT solutions globally. A well‐designed task scheduling algorithm ensures the optimal utilization of clouds resources and reducing execution time dynamically. This research article deals with the task scheduling of inter‐dependent subtasks on unrelated parallel computing machines in a cloud computing environment. This article considers two variants of the problem‐based on two different objective function values. The first variant considers the minimization of the total completion time objective function while the second variant considers the minimization of the makespan objective function. Heuristic and meta‐heuristic (HEART) based algorithms are proposed to solve the task scheduling problems. These algorithms utilize the property of list scheduling algorithm of unrelated parallel machine scheduling problem. A mixed integer linear programming (MILP) formulation has been provided for the two variants of the problem. The optimal solution is obtained by solving MILP formulation using A Mathematical Programming Language (AMPL) software. Extensive numerical experiments have been performed to evaluate the performance of proposed algorithms. The solutions obtained by the proposed algorithms are found to out‐perform the existing algorithms. The proposed algorithms can be used by cloud computing service providers (CCSPs) for enhancing their resources utilization to reduce their operating cost.

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“…The scalability is compromised as the complexity of the system scales up. Hence, the authors of (Moallemi and Wainer 2020) introduce a new theoretical framework called I-DEVS (Imprecise Discrete Event Systems Specification). This framework aimed to guarantee responses to inputs within specified time constraints under transient overloading conditions.…”

Section: Devs and Rt-devsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So, if a system receives many inputs, due to the overloading, the outputs can be delayed exceeding their deadlines. Hence, the authors of (Moallemi and Wainer 2020) also introduced an overload management policy. The policy provides an early reaction mechanism to transient overrun situations, saving critical outputs from lateness, preventing catastrophic results in the system by prioritizing the model behavior.…”

Section: Devs and Rt-devsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formalization of Cyber-Physical System Interface using Discrete Event System Specifications

Jiresal¹

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Cyber-Physical systems are complex engineered systems that integrate embedded computing into the physical environment. These systems are considered to be "safetycritical" due to their application in the field of medical, transportation, or building control.CPS is composed of tight coupling of the physical and cyber worlds, and the interfaces are interactions that are defined as a bridge between these worlds. The interface is a fundamental characteristic of a CPS and CPS cannot function without it.In this thesis, we propose an architecture of the CPS interface in Discrete EVent System Specification (DEVS) that mimics the functionality of CPS interactions. DEVS provides a formal platform for M&S of discrete event dynamic systems. We propose a DEVS simulation model named DCIF (DEVS CPS Interface Framework) that portrays the complete working of the CPS interface. Later, we also implement and evaluate this interface on real-time hardware. The architecture is verified by creating a synthetic environment that includes multiple test cases in the simulation as well as real-time implementation. Additionally, we apply this framework to a practical case study in the field of building information modeling. Chapter 1: IntroductionCyber-physical systems (CPS) are next-generation engineered systems that integrate embedded computing into the physical environment. Cyber-physical systems are embedded systems where the importance is to be more on an intense link between the computational and physical elements. CPS has been defined by various researchers from different perspectives. For instance, (Marwedel 2006) defines CPS as "embedded systems together with their physical environment" while (Helen 2008) describes CPS as "physical, and engineered systems whose operations are integrated, monitored, and controlled by a computational core". CPSs are made up of the physical world, interfaces, and cyber world (Gunes 2014). Some examples of the application of CPS include air traffic control systems, medical devices, and equipment, railway cross control systems, automotive airbag, smart homes, building systems, etc. (Khaitan and McCalley 2015).The physical components of a CPS are responsible to convert physical quantities from one form to other and interact with the cyber world for analog/digital signal transfers. The cyber-world, on the other hand, consists of embedded computational devices that process information and communication in a virtual environment. This world is often referred to as the computational core. The interfaces are interactions that are defined as a bridge between the cyber world and the physical world.CPS consists of two interfaces -physical interfaces and cyber interfaces (Fromel 2016).The sensors and the actuators are physical devices that perform physical interfacing tasks.While the embedded computational devices interface at a cyber level with the exchange of information. These physical and cyber interactions are fundamental characteristics in a

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Designing real‐time systems using imprecise discrete‐event system specifications

Cited by 4 publications

References 32 publications

Integrating I-DEVS and schedulability methods for analyzing real-time systems constraints

Integrating I-DEVS and schedulability methods for analyzing real-time systems constraints

HEART: Unrelated parallel machines problem with precedence constraints for task scheduling in cloud computing using heuristic and meta‐heuristic algorithms

Formalization of Cyber-Physical System Interface using Discrete Event System Specifications

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