An experimental study of hypervapotron structure in external reactor vessel cooling

Zhao, Yirong; Zhang, Ming; Hou, Fangxin; Gao, Tianfang; Chen, Peipei

doi:10.1016/j.nucengdes.2016.04.003

Cited by 10 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…Complex water-cooled channels, such as HyperVapotron, rectangles, and arbitrary shapes, which help improve the heat exchange efficiency of the structure, can easily be obtained based on EWT. A structure with water-cooled channels forms a closed and complete cooling structure called the divertor target heat sink by EWT [26][27][28][29][30]. The heat sink bonded by two metal plates can be of different material combinations, such as CuCrZr/316 L, ODS-Cu/ODS-steel, and ODS-Cu/clam.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual design and heat transfer performance of a flat-tile water-cooled divertor target

Han

et al. 2021

Plasma Sci. Technol.

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The divertor target components for the Chinese fusion engineering test reactor (CFETR) and the future experimental advanced superconducting tokamak (EAST) need to remove a heat flux of up to ∼20 MW m −2 . In view of such a high heat flux removal requirement, this study proposes a conceptual design for a flat-tile divertor target based on explosive welding and brazing technology. Rectangular water-cooled channels with a special thermal transfer structure (TTS) are designed in the heat sink to improve the flat-tile divertor target's heat transfer performance (HTP). The parametric design and optimization methods are applied to study the influence of the TTS variation parameters, including height (H), width (W * ), thickness (T), and spacing (L), on the HTP. The research results show that the flat-tile divertor target's HTP is sensitive to the TTS parameter changes, and the sensitivity is T>L>W * >H. The HTP first increases and then decreases with the increase of T, L, and W * and gradually increases with the increase of H. The optimal design parameters are as follows: H=5.5 mm, W * =25.8 mm, T=2.2 mm, and L=9.7 mm. The HTP of the optimized flat-tile divertor target at different flow speeds and tungsten tile thicknesses is studied using the numerical simulation method. A flat-tile divertor mock-up is developed according to the optimized parameters. In addition, high heat flux (HHF) tests are performed on an electron beam facility to further investigate the mock-up HTP. The numerical simulation calculation results show that the optimized flat-tile divertor target has great potential for handling the steady-state heat load of 20 MW m −2 under the tungsten tile thickness <5 mm and the flow speed 7 m s −1 . The heat transfer efficiency of the flat-tile divertor target with rectangular cooling channels improves by ∼13% and ∼30% compared to that of the flat-tile divertor target with circular cooling channels and the ITER-like monoblock, respectively. The HHF tests indicate that the flat-tile divertor mock-up can successfully withstand 1000 cycles of 20 MW m −2 of heat load without visible deformation, damage, and HTP degradation. The surface temperature of the flat-tile divertor mock-up at the 1000th cycle is only ∼930 °C. The flat-tile divertor target's HTP is greatly improved by the parametric design and optimization method, and is better than the ITER-like monoblock and the flat-tile mock-up for the WEST divertor. This conceptual design is currently being applied to the engineering design of the CFETR and EAST flat-tile divertors.

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