An experimental study of dendritic cells transfected with cancer stem-like cells RNA against 9L brain tumors

Comparison of 18F-Fluoroazomycin-Arabinofuranoside and 64Cu-Diacetyl-Bis(N4-Methylthiosemicarbazone) in Preclinical Models of Cancer

“…These tumors are characterized by an impaired vascular network and rapid development of extensive necrotic areas with a limited portion of vital hypoxic cells contributing to the tumor burden. This extreme condition, typical of highly glycolysis-dependent tumors, may select the most aggressive and hypoxic cells (probably CD133-positive stem cells), thus reducing the heterogeneity of cell phenotype and the involvement of other molecular events that may influence cell trapping (31).…”

Current Status of Immunotherapy and Gene Therapy for High-Grade Gliomas

“…[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] These BTSCs may be ideal candidates for tumor-directed vaccination, as they do not seem to respond to conventional therapies. [25][26][27] Phase I and phase II studies have demonstrated effi cacy and safety for the use of dendritic cell vaccines in the treatment of glioblastoma. 10,14,16,[28][29][30][31][32] In a tors in Taiwan, a dendritic cell vaccine directed against immunologically enhanced autologous high-grade glioma cells (World Health Organization [WHO] grades 3 and 4) was found to increase the median OS (525 days for vaccinated patients vs 380 days for historical matched control group) and the 3-year OS (37.5% vs 3.2% favoring vaccinated group) for 16 patients with WHO grade 4 disease.…”

Nestin: Neural Stem/Progenitor Cell Marker in Brain Tumors

“…Frequent nestin expression [48] Ependymomas Poor progression-free survival and overall survival [49] Neurocytomas [51] N/D Adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas Expressed in the invasion niche [52] Pituitary adenomas Coexpressed with CD133 [53] Medulloblastomas Expressed in tumor stem cells [55][56][57][58] Oligodendrogliomas [60] N/D Gliomas High grade [7,8] Worse overall survival [48,61] Glioblastomas Infiltration into surrounding tissue [8] Tumor stem cells [72][73][74][75][76][77] N/D: Not determined.…”

“…Cancer stem cells appear to be responsible for tumor metastasis, resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and disease relapse; thus, their analysis and therapeutic targeting are believed to be crucial. Many studies have shown that there is a small population of cancer stem cells in glioblastomas, and that nestin is one of the stem/progenitor cell markers of glioblastomas [72][73][74][75][76][77]. CD133, Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog have also been considered to be stem cell markers in glioblastomas [78,79].…”