An Experimental Study of a Sensor-Controlled External Knee Locking System

McGhee, Robert B.; Tomović, R.; Yang, Pan; MacLean, Ian C.

doi:10.1109/tbme.1978.326247

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…These stance control knee mechanisms (SCKMs) have utilized a myriad of design approaches, including bail locking [1], pin locking [2–4], a ratchet/pawl [5–6], cam locking [7], belt clamping [8], hydraulics [9], a magnetic particle brake [10], a wrap-spring clutch [11], a dog clutch via circular ratchet plates [12], a roller clutch [3], lever locking, and spring stiffness switching [13]. Many of these mechanisms are difficult to unlock under load [3,8,14], which may be necessary during the transition from the stance phase to the swing phase of gait.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stance control knee mechanism for lower-limb support in hybrid neuroprosthesis

To¹,

Kobetic²,

Bulea³

et al. 2011

JRRD

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Abstract-A hydraulic stance control knee mechanism (SCKM) was developed to fully support the knee against flexion during stance and allow uninhibited motion during swing for individuals with paraplegia using functional neuromuscular stimulation (FNS) for gait assistance. The SCKM was optimized for maximum locking torque for body-weight support and minimum resistance when allowing for free knee motion. Ipsilateral and contralateral position and fo rce feedback were used to control the SCKM. Through bench and nondisabled testing, the SCKM was shown to be capable of supporting up to 70 N-m, require no more than 13% of the torque achievable with FNS to facilitate free motion, and respon sively and repeatedly unlock under an applied flexion knee torque of up to 49 N-m. Preliminary tests of the SCKM with an individual with paraplegia demonstrated that it could support the body and maintain knee extension during stance without the stimulation of t he knee extensor muscles. This was achieved without adversely affecting gait, and knee stability was comparable to gait assisted by knee extensor stimulation during stance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stance control knee mechanism for lower-limb support in hybrid neuroprosthesis

To¹,

Kobetic²,

Bulea³

et al. 2011

JRRD

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show abstract

“…Although this system provided better control than the mechanical system, it was not applied in orthotic fields because it was just too heavy. Electrically controlled orthoses, equipped with external voltage sources, using a Swiss bail lock and a solenoid valve were introduced to control knee joints in the KAFO [17,26]. More recently, a KAFO using a foot-switch to control the clutch in the knee joint was introduced [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical effect of electromechanical knee–ankle–foot-orthosis on knee joint control in patients with poliomyelitis

Hwang

Kang

Cho

et al. 2008

Med Biol Eng Comput

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In this study, an ideal electromechanical KAFO, satisfying stability in the stance and knee flexion in the swing phase during walking, was developed. Biomechanical evaluations were performed on four polio patients by means of three-dimensional gait analyses and energy consumption studies. From the three-dimensional gait analysis on poliomyelitis patients, a considerable amount of knee flexion during the swing phase was observed in controlled-knee gait, which resulted in approximately 33% less energy consumption than in locked-knee gait. The developed electromechanical KAFO in this study was helpful in poliomyelitis patients having partial or complete paralysis of the lower extremity, providing both stability in the stance and free swinging of the knee. This unit was efficient in the transfer of energy.

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“…Através da utilização das muletas, o deficiente usuário de órtese consegue manter, durante toda a marcha, a projeção de seu centro de massa no plano horizontal no interior de um triângulo ou quadrilátero imaginários cujos vértices são os pontos de apoio das muletas e membros inferiores, o que caracteriza uma situação de equilíbrio estático (MCGHEE et al, 1978).…”

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Projeto e desenvolvimento de um auxiliar deambulatório autotransferente para crianças com paralisia cerebral

Botega¹

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DEDICATÓRIA Dedico este trabalho aos meus pais Antonio RESUMOAs progressivas inovações tecnológicas na área de Engenharia Mecânica contribuem para a adoção de novos procedimentos terapêuticos para programas de reabilitação. Este trabalho trata do projeto e desenvolvimento de um auxiliar deambulatório para ser utilizado como uma forma de dar continuidade à reabilitação clínica de pessoas com dificuldade ou incapacidade na marcha independente. Nesse sentido, procurou-se desenvolver um deambulador incorporando novas abordagens ao seu projeto mecânico básico, tais como novos materiais, fabricação e conformação da estrutura mecânica, bem como possíveis controles de mobilidade articulares. Nesse contexto, a relação peso-volume foi cuidadosamente explorada de forma a tornar um auxiliar eficiente na marcha de crianças e adultos com paralisia cerebral. Os deambuladores convencionais hodiernos são fundamentalmente caracterizados pelo nível de segurança proporcionada aos usuários em movimento, todavia não oferecem condições para o treino do autoequilíbrio, o que os torna dependentes de ferramentas de auxílio para a realização correta da marcha.Portanto, é importante desenvolver um deambulador autotransferente que satisfaça as restrições de projeto, com volume e peso mínimos, e que seja essencial para a ABSTRACTThe progressive technological innovations in mechanical engineering contribute to the adoption of new therapeutic procedures for rehabilitation programs.This work addresses the design and development of an ambulatory aid to be used as a way to continue the clinic rehabilitation for people with difficulty or inability in walking independently. Accordingly, we sought to develop a deambulador incorporating new approaches to its basic mechanical design, such as new materials, manufacturing and conformation of the mechanical structure and possible controls of joint mobility. In this context, the volume-weight ratio has been carefully explored in order to make an assist in the efficient running of children and adults with cerebral palsy. The conventional modern-day ambulatory are fundamentally characterized by the level of security provided to users on the move, but do not offer conditions for the auto balance training, which makes them dependent on aid tools to achieve the correct gait. It is therefore important to develop an autotransfer deambulator satisfying the design constraints, with minimum volume and weight, and with the essential characteristic for the rehabilitation of patients with cerebral palsy, without making them dependent on the absence of auto balance. This apparatus that promotes autotransfer and training of auto balance for the user whether adult or child. In this project the deambulador was named Assistant Deambulator Autotransfer (Auxiliary Ambulation Autotransfer) -ADA due to the interplay of movement, which transfers the torque of the lower trunk muscles for the mobilization of the lower limbs.Thus, the ADA may provide situations in which the synaesthetic auto balance the patient will be encouraged...

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An Experimental Study of a Sensor-Controlled External Knee Locking System

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Stance control knee mechanism for lower-limb support in hybrid neuroprosthesis

Stance control knee mechanism for lower-limb support in hybrid neuroprosthesis

Biomechanical effect of electromechanical knee–ankle–foot-orthosis on knee joint control in patients with poliomyelitis

Projeto e desenvolvimento de um auxiliar deambulatório autotransferente para crianças com paralisia cerebral

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