An experimental and CFD study on gas flow field distribution in the growth process of multi‐walled carbon nanotube arrays by thermal chemical vapor deposition

Li, Mingjie; Xu, Zhaopeng; Li, Zhaobin; Chen, Yan; Guo, Jingwei; Huo, Huimei; Zhou, Hangyu; Huangfu, Huichao; Cao, Zehui; Wang, Haiyan

doi:10.1002/crat.201600104

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The gas circulation observed after the carrier gas and carbon source were injected into the quartz tube led to the uneven distribution of the mixed reacting materials such as catalyst, carbon source, and reducing and carrying gases in different locations of the quartz tube. Consequently, the deposition rate, morphology, and degree of crystallinity of the as-grown ACNTs varied with the growing location. ,− In this work, ordinary Al foil and etched Al foil were set in the same quartz tube together but in different locations (Figure S5). Consequently, the different growing locations resulted in the varied crystallinity of the ACNTs grown on ordinary and etched Al foil.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Peel Strength and Flexible Aligned Carbon Nanotubes/Etched Al Foil Composites with Boosted Supercapacitor and Thermal Dissipation Performances

Kang

Zhong

et al. 2019

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The peel strength between the aligned carbon nanotubes (ACNTs) and substrate is a critical issue for the structural stability of the ACNTs-based composites. A poor ACNTs-substrate adhesion may cause unreliable and a short service life of the device. In this work, ACNTs are grown on the etched Al foil with largely improved bonding strength by a direct thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthesis. In the interface part of the ACNTs adjacent to the etched Al substrate, the ACNTs tangled together as 'tiny twine balls' with irregular shape are embedded in the pores of the etched Al foil, similar like the roots of a plant. Such unique structure generates strong bonding strength between as-grown ACNTs and etched Al substrate. The measured peel strength was 76.8 N m-1 compared to the smooth surface Al foil without etching was 53.6 N m-1. Besides, the ACNTs attached to etched Al foil firmly in comparison with the ACNTs have been separated from the smooth surface Al foil after peel strength testing. A 'plant growth' mechanism is proposed to illustrate the growth procedure. When the as-prepared ACNTs/etched Al foil composites are used as supercapacitor (SC) electrodes alone, they deliver the specific capacity (Csp) of 11.3 F g-1. By contrast, after the PANI or MnO2 are post-synthesized on the ACNTs/etched Al substrate, the PANI/ACNTs and MnO2/ACNTs composites can reach a mass-normalized Csp of 488.2 F g-1 and 117.6 F g-1 , respectively. The ACNTs/etched Al foil are also applied as thermal dissipation material for a 24W LED light. The final stable working temperature decreases from 106.3℃ to 82.3℃ and the temperature rise rate between 30℃ and 82℃ decreases from 0.19℃ s-1 to 0.04℃ s-1 after the ACNTs/etched Al foil are stuck to the backboard of LED light. The excellent electrical and outstanding thermal conductivities of ACNTs/etched Al foil composites are mainly attributed to the much higher bonding strength and improved interface contact. The results enlighten and promote the design and preparation of ACNTs composites with high peel strength to develop high-performance electrical and thermal management devices.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Peel Strength and Flexible Aligned Carbon Nanotubes/Etched Al Foil Composites with Boosted Supercapacitor and Thermal Dissipation Performances

Kang

Zhong

et al. 2019

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Ref. [9] conducted an experiment and continuous CFD modeling to investigate the growth process of a multi-walled carbon nanotube by CVD. In Ref [9], the authors used FVM implemented in FLUENT and studied the flow properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9] conducted an experiment and continuous CFD modeling to investigate the growth process of a multi-walled carbon nanotube by CVD. In Ref [9], the authors used FVM implemented in FLUENT and studied the flow properties. Most of the modeling of carbon deposition on fibers [10][11][12] is limited to either flow modeling around a single fiber [13] or a reactor bulk flow modeling [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuum and Molecular Modeling of Chemical Vapor Deposition at Nano-Scale Fibrous Substrates

Barua,

Povitsky

2023

MCA

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Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a common industrial process that incorporates a complex combination of fluid flow, chemical reactions, and surface deposition. Understanding CVD processes requires rigorous and costly experimentation involving multiple spatial scales, from meters to nanometers. The numerical modeling of deposition over macro-scale substrates has been conducted in the literature and results show compliance with experimental data. For smaller-scale substrates, where the corresponding Knudsen number is larger than zero, continuum modeling does not provide accurate results, which calls for the implementation of molecular-level modeling techniques. In the current study, the finite-volume method (FVM) and Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method were combined to model the reactor-scale flow with CVD around micro- and nano-scale fibers. CVD at fibers with round cross-sections was modeled in the reactor, where fibers were oriented perpendicularly with respect to the feedstock gas flow. The DSMC method was applied to modeling flow around the matrix of nano-scale circular individual fibers. Results show that for smaller diameters of individual fibers with the same filling ratio, the residence time of gas particles inside the fibrous media reduces, and, consequently, the amount of material surface deposition decreases. The sticking coefficient on the fibers’ surface plays an important role; for instance, increasing the sticking coefficient from 20% to 80% will double the deposition rate.

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“…They were used in the last few years to investigate the CNT growth process during CVD in theoretical studies. For the manufacturing of CNTs, several CFD models for the description of the temperature behavior in the CVD reactor during the growth processes were developed [5][6][7][8][9]. These CFD models can be used to optimize the CNT synthesis [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical Computational Fluid Dynamics Study of the Chemical Vapor Deposition Process for the Manufacturing of a Highly Porous 3D Carbon Foam

et al. 2019

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Aerographite is a three-dimensional carbon foam with a tetrapodal morphology. The manufacturing of aerographite is carried out in a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process, based on a zinc oxide (ZnO) template, in which the morphology is replicated into a hollow carbon shell. During the replication process, the template is reduced by the simultaneous formation of the carbon structure. The CVD process is one of the most efficient methods for the manufacturing of various carbon nanostructures, such as graphene or carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Based on the growth mechanism of aerographite, a computational fluid dynamics model is presented for the fundamental investigations of the temperature and flow/microflow behavior during the replication process. This allows a deeper process understanding and further optimizations.

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An experimental and CFD study on gas flow field distribution in the growth process of multi‐walled carbon nanotube arrays by thermal chemical vapor deposition

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

High Peel Strength and Flexible Aligned Carbon Nanotubes/Etched Al Foil Composites with Boosted Supercapacitor and Thermal Dissipation Performances

High Peel Strength and Flexible Aligned Carbon Nanotubes/Etched Al Foil Composites with Boosted Supercapacitor and Thermal Dissipation Performances

Continuum and Molecular Modeling of Chemical Vapor Deposition at Nano-Scale Fibrous Substrates

Theoretical Computational Fluid Dynamics Study of the Chemical Vapor Deposition Process for the Manufacturing of a Highly Porous 3D Carbon Foam

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