An experimental analysis on thermal runaway and its propagation in Cell-to-Pack lithium-ion batteries

Wang, Huaibin; Xu, Hui; Zhao, Zhenyang; Wang, Qinzheng; Jin, Changyong; Li, Yanliang; Sheng, Jian; Li, Kuijie; Du, Zhiming; Xu, Chang; Feng, Xuning

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2022.118418

Cited by 40 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The lowest thermal conductivity, 0.02 W/(m•K), shows the best performance in delaying the TR propagation in Figure 9(d). The surface temperature of battery under TR can reach 600 °C-700 °C in actuality [50]. The thermal conductivity of silica aerogel [51] is 0.02 W/(m•K) at normal temperature, and the maximum temperature it can withstand is 700 °C.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Thermal Runaway Propagation in Lithium-Ion Battery Pack by Minichannel Cold Plates and Insulation Layers

Liu,

Zhou,

et al. 2023

International Journal of Energy Research

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The main concern hindering the large-scale application of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in electric vehicles (EV) is thermal runaway (TR). In this work, three-dimensional (3D) TR and conjugate heat transfer modeling of a LIB pack consisting of 12 prismatic cells is performed. Three strategies of thermal spread protection are investigated by numerical simulation. Inserting insulation layers with different thermal conductivities between adjacent LIBs, it is observed that the time to trigger TR in cell 2 delays by 23 s, 31 s, 51 s, and 132 s. When the insulation layer material is 2 mm and 3 mm aerogel, cell 2 produces TR time of 312 s and 944 s. It has reached the standard of safety, and adjacent LIBs could not generate in TR for at least 300 s. The study also shows cell 2 causing TR at 56 s, 51 s, 48 s, and 46 s with cold plates by different mainstream velocities. To completely block the propagation of TR, this study proposes a novel hybrid protective strategy based on insulation layers and cold plates. As a result, the average temperature of cell 2 does not reach more than 80°C, LIB pack tends to be in thermal equilibrium to prevent safety accidents from occurring. The modeling approach used in this study is demonstrated to be an effective tool for the thermal protection design of power system in EV.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of Thermal Runaway Propagation in Lithium-Ion Battery Pack by Minichannel Cold Plates and Insulation Layers

Liu,

Zhou,

et al. 2023

International Journal of Energy Research

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“…As illustrated in Figure 2 , when a cell undergoes TR, the generated heat from electrochemical reactions, including chemical crosstalk between electrodes and the ISC, 45 , 46 will be transferred to neighboring batteries through thermal conduction, leading to horizontal TRP within the module. 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 Additionally, a ceiling fire forms when the jet impacts the battery pack’s top ceiling, 53 enhancing heat transfer between adjacent batteries and accelerating horizontal TRP. 54 The batteries in an upper module will heat up due to the flame, causing vertical TRP.…”

Section: Understanding the Tr Process From Multiscale Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances and challenges in thermal runaway modeling of lithium-ion batteries

Wang,

Ping,

Kong

et al. 2024

The Innovation

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“…Further, Liu et al [12] discovered that different series-parallel connection methods have little impact on the maximum temperature and failure propagation time. In addition, many studies have investigated the effect of the spatial arrangement of the battery pack on the failure propagation behavior [13][14] . Wang et al [13] provided detailed research on the TR and failure propagation of batteries and modules in Cell-to-Pack systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, many studies have investigated the effect of the spatial arrangement of the battery pack on the failure propagation behavior [13][14] . Wang et al [13] provided detailed research on the TR and failure propagation of batteries and modules in Cell-to-Pack systems. Jin et al [14] have proved that structural design can improve the safety of battery systems through brick module configuration for the cell-to-chassis frame that can cease TR propagation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on the Effect of State of Charge on Failure Propagation Characteristics within Battery Modules

Rui

et al. 2023

Chin. J. Electr. Eng.

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To investigate the effect of different states of charge(SOC) on the thermal runaway(TR) propagation behaviors within lithium-ion-batteries based energy storage modules, an experimental setup was developed to conduct failure propagation tests on battery modules at an SOC of 97%, 85%, and 50%. The result indicates that an increase in the SOC of batteries can decrease the TR trigger temperature, making batteries trigger TR earlier and reducing the average failure propagation time between two adjacent cells.In addition, the failure propagation tests reveal that at higher SOCs, the TR reaction becomes more violent, the maximal reaction temperature is also much higher, and the damage to the battery module is severe. Compared to the battery module with 97% SOC, the TR trigger time of the battery module with 50% SOC was postponed by approximately 57.8%. Meanwhile, the average failure propagation time got prolonged by approximately 36.0%. Thus, this study can provide references for the thermal safety design of energy-storage battery modules.

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An experimental analysis on thermal runaway and its propagation in Cell-to-Pack lithium-ion batteries

Cited by 40 publications

References 47 publications

Inhibition of Thermal Runaway Propagation in Lithium-Ion Battery Pack by Minichannel Cold Plates and Insulation Layers

Inhibition of Thermal Runaway Propagation in Lithium-Ion Battery Pack by Minichannel Cold Plates and Insulation Layers

Advances and challenges in thermal runaway modeling of lithium-ion batteries

Experimental Study on the Effect of State of Charge on Failure Propagation Characteristics within Battery Modules

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