An Experimental Analysis of the Ripple Current Applied Variable Frequency Characteristic in a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell

Kim, Jong-Hoon; Jang, Min‐Ho; Choe, Jun-Seok; Kim, Doyoung; Tak, Yongsug; Cho, Bo-Hyung

doi:10.6113/jpe.2011.11.1.082

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The presence of such a ripple is detrimental and damaging to a dc source made up of fuel cells. As pointed out in [2]- [8], the various disadvantages include: 1) significant wastage in fuel consumption [2], [3]; 2) oxygen starvation leading to reduced maximum power generation [4], [5]; 3) poor dynamic response [6]; 4) nuisance tripping at heavy load [7]; and 5) shortening of fuel cell's lifetime [4], [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of Low-Frequency Current Ripple in Fuel-Cell Inverter Systems Through Waveform Control

Zhu

Tan

Chen

et al. 2013

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

168

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fuel-cell power systems comprising single-phase dc/ac inverters draw low-frequency ac ripple currents at twice the output frequency from the fuel cell. Such a 100/120 Hz ripple current may create instability in the fuel-cell system, lower its efficiency, and shorten the lifetime of a fuel cell stack. This paper presents a waveform control method that can mitigate such a lowfrequency ripple current being drawn from the fuel cell while the fuel-cell system delivers ac power to the load through a differential inverter. This is possible because with the proposed solution, the pulsation component (cause of ac ripple current) of the output ac power will be supplied mainly by the two output capacitors of the differential inverter while the average dc output power is supplied by the fuel cell. Theoretical analysis, simulation, and experimental results are provided to explain the operation and showcase the performance of the approach. Results validate that the proposed solution can achieve significant mitigation of the current ripple as well as high-quality output voltage without extra hardware. Application of the solution is targeted at systems where current ripple mitigation is required, such as for the purpose of eliminating electrolytic capacitor in photovoltaic and LED systems.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of Low-Frequency Current Ripple in Fuel-Cell Inverter Systems Through Waveform Control

Zhu

Tan

Chen

et al. 2013

IEEE Trans. Power Electron.

168

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As discussed in the previous section, ripple current or continuous switching between two current set-points for prolonged periods of time causes catalyst/carbon degradation similar to prolonged operation at OCV. For the evaluation of current ripple on performance, the percentage voltage loss with respect to frequency variation from [13] was used to fit the parameter coefficients for the relationship presented in (11). An estimate of the drop in performance at different current ripple frequencies was modelled and the results presented in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the degradation mechanism is highly dependent on operating conditions, an empirical expression is used. In the results presented in [13], the effect of ripple frequency on cell performance is studied. The authors did however not specify what the internal effect is on the cell components.…”

Section: B Surface Area Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Derivation of an equivalent electrical circuit model for degradation mechanisms in high temperature pem fuel cells in performance estimation

Beer

Barendse

Pillay

et al. 2014

2014 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents the development of an equivalent electrical circuit model that represents the characteristics of a high temperature PEM fuel cell under various fault mechanisms. The three main degradation mechanisms that can reduce long term and short term performance are investigated and the specific electrochemical parameters that are affected are identified. A semi-empirical modelling approach based on captured experimental data is used to model the degradation mechanisms in order to reduce complexity. In particular, the effect of ripple current from the power electronics that accelerates degradation of the specific model parameters is discussed. The mechanism is also included in the model in order to increase functionality. Each voltage loss component and the associated degradation phenomena are equated to a circuit element and the final circuit model is presented. The simulated results are compared to experimental data to determine accuracy. The model is able to estimate performance loss based on operating time and conditions allowing for life cycle estimation and system optimization.

show abstract

“…Over the last decade, many researchers have carried out investigations to show the negative effects of the current ripples coming from power converters on the PEMFC lifespan . Due to the low and unregulated PEMFC stack voltage, a DC/DC boost converter is required in order to increase the latter for automotive and stationary applications.…”

Section: Reliability and Current Ripple Issues In Fcev Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel Cell Lifespan Optimization by Developing a Power Switch Fault‐Tolerant Control in a Floating Interleaved Boost Converter

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In recent years, fault tolerance has gained a growing interest from the scientific community, particularly in DC/DC converters. Generally, fault‐tolerance refers to a fault‐tolerant topology and/or control for power converters. In this paper, a floating interleaved boost converter (FIBC) is used in order to meet the fuel cell requirements, particularly in terms of input current ripple reduction and reliability. In DC/DC converters, power switches are ranked as the most fragile components. The most common failures in power switches are open‐circuit faults (OCFs), gating faults and short‐circuit faults (SCFs). The loss of one leg in case of OCF or SCF (considering that the faulty leg is isolated before damaging the system) leads up to the drastic increase of the fuel cell current ripple and consequently fuel cell lifespan reduction. The purpose of this paper is to present a fast and efficient power switch open‐circuit fault detection algorithm and fault‐tolerant control (FTC). The performances of the developed fault detection algorithm and FTC are validated by carrying out experimental tests between a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and a FIBC topology. The experimental results demonstrate the ability of the developed FTC to reduce drastically the fuel cell current ripple while improving the fuel cell lifespan.

show abstract

An Experimental Analysis of the Ripple Current Applied Variable Frequency Characteristic in a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell

Cited by 19 publications

References 20 publications

Mitigation of Low-Frequency Current Ripple in Fuel-Cell Inverter Systems Through Waveform Control

Mitigation of Low-Frequency Current Ripple in Fuel-Cell Inverter Systems Through Waveform Control

Derivation of an equivalent electrical circuit model for degradation mechanisms in high temperature pem fuel cells in performance estimation

Fuel Cell Lifespan Optimization by Developing a Power Switch Fault‐Tolerant Control in a Floating Interleaved Boost Converter

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About