An examination of the antibacterial, antifungal, anti-Giardial and anticancer properties of Kigelia africana fruit extracts

Arkhipov, Alexander; Sirdaarta, Joseph; Rayan, Paran; McDonnell, PA; Cock, Ian Edwin

doi:10.5530/pc.2014.3.7

Cited by 57 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…A high antioxidant capacity has been postulated as being responsible for the medicinal properties of many plants. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44] In particular, antioxidants have been linked to antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activities, as well as anticancer properties. 26-44 . However, other studies have indicated that antioxidants may protect cells from oxidative stress and thus protect against cell death.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aleurites moluccanus (l.) Willd. Extracts Inhibit the Growth of Bacterial Triggers of Selected Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases

Mpala¹,

Chikowe²,

Cock³

2017

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Introduction: Aleurites moluccanus (L.) Willd. is a large tree with a wide global distribution. All parts of the tree have been used medicinally and the nut is consumed in a variety of cuisines. Despite this, A. moluccanus nut extracts have not been rigorously examined growth inhibitory properties against many bacteria, including the bacterial triggers of autoimmune inflammatory diseases. Methods: The antimicrobial activity of A. moluccanus nut solvent extractions was investigated by disc diffusion and growth time course assays against a panel of bacterial triggers of autoimmune diseases. The growth inhibitory activity was further quantified by MIC determination. Toxicity was determined using the Artemia franciscana nauplii bioassay. Results: Methanolic and aqueous A. moluccanus nut solvent extracts were potent inhibitors of all of the bacterial triggers of autoimmune diseases screened in this study. The methanolic extract displayed the most potent bacterial growth inhibitory activity. It was particularly potent against the bacterial triggers of rheumatoid arthritis (MICs of 438 and 215 µg/mL against reference and clinical Proteus mirabilis strains; MIC of 187 µg/mL against Proteus vulgaris). The methanolic extract was also a good inhibitor of K. pneumoniae and S. pyogenes growth with MICs < 1000 µg/mL. The aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts were also potent bacterial growth inhibitors, albeit with slightly higher MIC values. The antibacterial activity of the methanolic and aqueous A. moluccanus nut extracts were further investigated by growth time course assays which showed significant growth inhibition in cultures of P. mirabilis, K. pneumpniae and S. pyogenes within 1 h of exposure. All extracts were determined to be nontoxic in the Artemia franciscana nauplii bioassay, indicating their safety for prophylactic use in preventing these autoimmune inflammatory diseases. Conclusions: The lack of toxicity of the A. moluccanus nut extracts and their growth inhibitory bioactivity against the bacterial triggers of rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatic heart disease indicate their potential in the development of new therapies targeting the onset of these diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aleurites moluccanus (l.) Willd. Extracts Inhibit the Growth of Bacterial Triggers of Selected Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases

Mpala¹,

Chikowe²,

Cock³

2017

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“…[25][26][27] Briefly, 100 µL of each bacterial culture was grown in 10 mL of fresh nutrient broth until they reached a count of ~10 8 cells/mL. A volume of 100 µL of the bacterial suspension was spread onto nutrient agar plates and extracts were tested for antibacterial activity using 5 mm sterilised filter paper discs.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Antimicrobial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth inhibitory properties of extracts prepared from selected Leptospermum and Melaleuca species against a panel of pathogenic bacteria

Mpala¹,

Chikowe²,

Cock³

2016

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“…The antioxidant capacity of each sample was assessed using the DPPH free radical scavenging method 30,33 with modifications. Briefly, DPPH solution was prepared fresh each day as a 400 µM solution by dissolving DPPH (Sigma) in AR grade methanol (Ajax, Australia).…”

Section: Antioxidant Capacity Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30,33 Briefly, 1 mL of trypsin (Sigma) was added to the culture flasks and incubated at 37 o C, 5% CO 2 for 15 min to dislodge the cancer cells. The cell suspensions were then transferred to a 10 mL centrifuge tube and sedimented by centrifugation.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Cancer Cell Anti-proliferative Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Acai, cacao and maca extracts: Anticancer activity and growth inhibition of microbial triggers of selected autoimmune inflammatory diseases

Wang¹,

Zhang²,

Cock³

2016

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Background: The consumption of high antioxidant foods has been linked with a decreased incidence of some cancers and inflammatory diseases. Some high antioxidant foods also inhibit the growth of a variety of bacterial pathogens. Despite this, the high antioxidant 'superfoods' acai, cacao and maca are yet to be adequately tested for anticancer activity or the ability to inhibit the growth of bacterial triggers of autoimmune inflammatory diseases. Materials and Methods: Freeze dried acai, cacao and maca powders were extracted and tested for antimicrobial activity using a modified disc diffusion assay and the MICs were determined. Inhibitory activity against CaCo2 and HeLa cancer cell lines was evaluated using colorimetric cell proliferation assays. Toxicity was evaluated using an Artemia franciscana nauplii bioassay. Results: The acai, cacao and maca extracts displayed broad spectrum antibacterial activity, inhibiting the growth of all of the bacteria screened, although generally with only low efficacy. The ethyl acetate extracts were more potent bacterial growth inhibitors than were the corresponding methanolic and aqueous extracts. The inhibitory activity of the acai and maca ethyl acetate extracts against P. mirabilis was particularly noteworthy, with MIC values <1000 µg/mL. The aqueous and methanolic extracts of all fruits had only low bacterial growth inhibitory activity. In contrast, the aqueous extracts of cacao and maca were the most effective at inhibiting proliferation of the colorectal cancer cell line CaCo2 (aqueous maca extract IC 50 =1800 µg/mL) and HeLa cervical cancer cell growth, (aqueous cacao extract IC 50 values 1810 µg/mL). All extracts were non-toxic, with LC 50 values substantially > 1000 µg/mL. Conclusion: These studies demonstrate that the aqueous cacao and maca extracts have appreciable inhibitory activity against some cancer cell lines and that the acai and maca ethyl acetate extracts were moderate inhibitors of the growth of bacteria associated with selected autoimmune inflammatory disorders. Furthermore, the toxicity studies indicate that they are safe for therapeutic usage. All other extracts were inactive or of low activity towards the cancer and bacterial cells.

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An examination of the antibacterial, antifungal, anti-Giardial and anticancer properties of Kigelia africana fruit extracts

Cited by 57 publications

References 40 publications

Aleurites moluccanus (l.) Willd. Extracts Inhibit the Growth of Bacterial Triggers of Selected Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases

Aleurites moluccanus (l.) Willd. Extracts Inhibit the Growth of Bacterial Triggers of Selected Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases

Growth inhibitory properties of extracts prepared from selected Leptospermum and Melaleuca species against a panel of pathogenic bacteria

Acai, cacao and maca extracts: Anticancer activity and growth inhibition of microbial triggers of selected autoimmune inflammatory diseases

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