An examination of the anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-Giardial properties of macadamia nut

Desegaulx, M.; Sirdaarta, Joseph; Rayan, Paran; Cock, Ian Edwin; McDonnell, PA

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2015.1106.36

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…18 Despite the relative wealth of information on the medicinal and functional food properties of edible fruits and berries, there have been relatively few studies examining the therapeutic potential of edible nuts. Recent studies have reported the therapeutic potential of Macadamia integriflora Maiden & Betche nuts 19 as well as leaves and flowers 20,21 against a broad panel of bacteria. Similarly, a recent study screened almond, cashew, hazelnut and walnut for medicinal properties and reported growth inhibitory activity for several nut extracts against bacterial triggers of several autoimmune diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aleurites moluccanus (l.) Willd. Extracts Inhibit the Growth of Bacterial Triggers of Selected Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases

Mpala¹,

Chikowe²,

Cock³

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Aleurites moluccanus (L.) Willd. is a large tree with a wide global distribution. All parts of the tree have been used medicinally and the nut is consumed in a variety of cuisines. Despite this, A. moluccanus nut extracts have not been rigorously examined growth inhibitory properties against many bacteria, including the bacterial triggers of autoimmune inflammatory diseases. Methods: The antimicrobial activity of A. moluccanus nut solvent extractions was investigated by disc diffusion and growth time course assays against a panel of bacterial triggers of autoimmune diseases. The growth inhibitory activity was further quantified by MIC determination. Toxicity was determined using the Artemia franciscana nauplii bioassay. Results: Methanolic and aqueous A. moluccanus nut solvent extracts were potent inhibitors of all of the bacterial triggers of autoimmune diseases screened in this study. The methanolic extract displayed the most potent bacterial growth inhibitory activity. It was particularly potent against the bacterial triggers of rheumatoid arthritis (MICs of 438 and 215 µg/mL against reference and clinical Proteus mirabilis strains; MIC of 187 µg/mL against Proteus vulgaris). The methanolic extract was also a good inhibitor of K. pneumoniae and S. pyogenes growth with MICs < 1000 µg/mL. The aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts were also potent bacterial growth inhibitors, albeit with slightly higher MIC values. The antibacterial activity of the methanolic and aqueous A. moluccanus nut extracts were further investigated by growth time course assays which showed significant growth inhibition in cultures of P. mirabilis, K. pneumpniae and S. pyogenes within 1 h of exposure. All extracts were determined to be nontoxic in the Artemia franciscana nauplii bioassay, indicating their safety for prophylactic use in preventing these autoimmune inflammatory diseases. Conclusions: The lack of toxicity of the A. moluccanus nut extracts and their growth inhibitory bioactivity against the bacterial triggers of rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatic heart disease indicate their potential in the development of new therapies targeting the onset of these diseases.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aleurites moluccanus (l.) Willd. Extracts Inhibit the Growth of Bacterial Triggers of Selected Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases

Mpala¹,

Chikowe²,

Cock³

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recent studies have reported the therapeutic potential of Macadamia integriflora nuts (commonly known as macadamia nuts, baupe nuts, Queensland nuts). Growth inhibitory activity of M. integriflora nuts, 13 as well as leaves and flowers 14,15 against a broad panel of bacteria and fungi has been reported. A noteable feature of macadamia nuts is their high fat contents (estimated to be as high as 76% of total mass), with especially high contents of the beneficial mono-saturated fats and omega-7 palmitoleic acid, 16 which have been shown to decrease plasma cholesterol levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Evaluation of the Antibacterial, Anti-Giardial, Anticancer and Toxicity Properties of Selected Nut Extracts

P¹,

Sirdaarta²,

Rayan³

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Foods with high oil and fatty acid contents have been linked with a variety of medicinal properties including bacterial growth inhibition, anti-Giardial activity and the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. Almond, cashew, hazelnut and walnut contain very high fatty acid contents. Despite this, these nuts have not been adequately screened for medicinal properties. Materials and Methods: Almond, cashew, hazelnut and walnut powders were extracted and tested for antimicrobial activity using modified disc diffusion and MIC methods. Inhibitory activity against the gastrointestinal protozoal parasite Giardia duodenalis and against CaCo2 cancer cells were evaluated using colorimetric cell proliferation assays. Toxicity was evaluated using an Artemia franciscana nauplii bioassay. Results: The methanolic almond and walnut solvent extractions displayed broad spectrum growth inhibitory activity, inhibiting the growth of 100% and 7 of the 11 (64%) bacterial strains tested respectively. The methanolic walnut extract was a particularly potent growth inhibitor, with MIC values of ~1000 µg/mL, 700 µg/mL and 800 µg/mL against A. baylyi, P. mirabilis and P. vulgaris respectively. The methanolic almond extract also had moderate to inhibitory activity against E. coli (MIC ~2000 µg/mL), P. mirabilis and P. vulgaris (both ~2500 µg/mL). The methanolic cashew and hazelnut extracts were moderate inhibitors of E. coli growth (~2500 and 1250 µg/mL respectively). The meth-anolic almond extract was also a potent inhibitor of G. duodenalis proliferation (IC 50 878 µg/mL). All extracts were ineffective at blocking the growth of the colorectal cancer cell line CaCo2. Instead, most of the extracts substantially stimulated proliferation. All of the nut extracts were non-toxic in the Artemia nauplii bioassay. Conclusion: The bacterial growth inhibitory activities of the methanolic almond and walnut extracts, the anti-Giardial activity of the methanolic almond extract and their lack of toxicity indicates the potential of these extracts in the discovery and development of new natural antibiotic agents.

show abstract

An examination of the anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-Giardial properties of macadamia nut

Cited by 2 publications

References 12 publications

Aleurites moluccanus (l.) Willd. Extracts Inhibit the Growth of Bacterial Triggers of Selected Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases

Aleurites moluccanus (l.) Willd. Extracts Inhibit the Growth of Bacterial Triggers of Selected Autoimmune Inflammatory Diseases

An Evaluation of the Antibacterial, Anti-Giardial, Anticancer and Toxicity Properties of Selected Nut Extracts

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About