An Evaluation of the Genotoxicity and Subchronic Oral Toxicity of Synthetic Curcumin

Damarla, Sreenivasa Rao; Komma, Rajesh; Bhatnagar, Upendra; Rajesh, Navin; Mulla, Sadik Mohmad Abdulhamid

doi:10.1155/2018/6872753

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Furthermore, curcumin at the single dose of 5000 mg/kg body weight that was given orally to Swiss albino mice did not show any toxic effects during 14 days with no pathological effects observed and no deaths occurred [41]. In addition, 500 mg/kg BW, 1000 mg/kg BW, and 2000 mg/kg BW of oral curcumin showed no significant genotoxicity in mice [42]. Hepatotoxicity, decreases in weight, and reduction of hemocytes were the main side effects observed in animals as summarized by Soleimani et al [43].…”

Section: Safety and Toxicity Of Curcumin Administrationmentioning

confidence: 85%

Efficacy of Curcumin on Aortic Atherosclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in Mouse Studies and Insights into Possible Mechanisms

Lin

Chen

et al. 2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Since the first report in 2005, accumulating interests have been focused on the effect of curcumin in atherosclerosis with discrepancies. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to comprehensively estimate its effect against atherosclerosis. Literature search was performed on the database of PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library to identify relevant studies which estimated the effect of curcumin in atherosclerosis. Reporting effects on aortic lesion area was the primary outcome while effects on serum lipid profiles and circulating inflammatory markers were the secondary outcome. A total of 10 studies including 14 independent pairwise experiments were included in our analysis. We clarified that curcumin could significantly reduce aortic atherosclerotic lesion area (SMD=‐0.89, 95% CI: -1.36 to -0.41, P=0.0003), decrease serum lipid profiles (Tc, MD=‐1.005, 95% CI: -1.885 to -0.124, P=0.025; TG, MD=‐0.045, 95% CI: -0.088 to -0.002, P=0.042; LDL-c, MD=‐0.523, 95% CI: -0.896 to -0.149, P=0.006) as well as plasma inflammatory indicators (TNF-α, MD=‐56.641, 95% CI: -86.848 to -26.433, P<0.001; IL-1β, MD=‐5.089, 95% CI: -8.559 to -1.619, P=0.004). Dose-response meta-analysis predicted effective dosage of curcumin between 0 and 347 mg/kg BW per day, which was safe and nontoxic according to the existing publications. The underlying mechanisms were also discussed and might be associated with the modulation of lipid transport and inflammation in cells within artery walls as well as indirect modulations in other tissues. Clinical evidence from nonatherosclerosis populations revealed that curcumin would lower the lipid profiles and inflammatory responses as it has in a mouse model. However, standard preclinical animal trial designs are still needed; further studies focusing on the optimal dose of curcumin against atherosclerosis and RCTs directly in atherosclerosis patients are also warranted.

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Section: Safety and Toxicity Of Curcumin Administrationmentioning

confidence: 85%

Efficacy of Curcumin on Aortic Atherosclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in Mouse Studies and Insights into Possible Mechanisms

Lin

Chen

et al. 2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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“…There are a large number of toxicological studies of curcumin performed in various experimental models and using different forms of curcumin (extracts, particles, suspensions, etc.). Although most in vivo studies do not report toxic effects (110), some in vitro studies showed mutagenic effects due to damage to mitochondrial and nuclear DNA using high doses (111). Although curcumin exhibits excellent anti-inflammatory properties, and researchers have published that there is little toxicity in vivo, their low stability, poor absorption, and rapid metabolism have promoted the development of synthetic analogs to be implemented in the clinic (112,113).…”

Section: Curcuminmentioning

confidence: 99%

Naturally Derived Heme-Oxygenase 1 Inducers and Their Therapeutic Application to Immune-Mediated Diseases

et al. 2020

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Heme oxygenase (HO) is the primary antioxidant enzyme involved in heme group degradation. A variety of stimuli triggers the expression of the inducible HO-1 isoform, which is modulated by its substrate and cellular stressors. A major anti-inflammatory role has been assigned to the HO-1 activity. Therefore, in recent years HO-1 induction has been employed as an approach to treating several disorders displaying some immune alterations components, such as exacerbated inflammation or self-reactivity. Many natural compounds have shown to be effective inductors of HO-1 without cytotoxic effects; among them, most are chemicals present in plants used as food, flavoring, and medicine. Here we discuss some naturally derived compounds involved in HO-1 induction, their impact in the immune response modulation, and the beneficial effect in diverse autoimmune disorders. We conclude that the use of some compounds from natural sources able to induce HO-1 is an attractive lifestyle toward promoting human health. This review opens a new outlook on the investigation of naturally derived HO-1 inducers, mainly concerning autoimmunity.

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“…Further, it has been shown that Curcumin may be toxic to eukaryotic cells at the concentration above 10 µg/mL. 30 In the present study, we used Nano-Curcumin that has more solubility than exact Curcumin in water. However, Nano-Curcumin was dissolved in a maximum at a concentration of 25 µg/ mL in the presence of 10% DMSO.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Investigating the Effect of Nano-Curcumin on the Expression of Biofilm Regulatory Genes of <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em></p>

Sharifian¹,

Yaslianifard²,

Fallah³

et al. 2020

IDR

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Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that causes serious nosocomial infections, especially in immunodeficient patients and cystic fibrosis, cancer, and burned individuals. The biofilm that plays an important role in the virulence of P. aeruginosa is under the regulation of quorum sensing and two-component regulatory systems of bacteria. Curcumin, an active phenolic extract of turmeric has shown an inhibitory effect on the biofilm formation of some pathogenic bacteria. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the effect of Nano-Curcumin on the expression of major regulatory genes involved in biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa. Materials and Methods: The biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa ATCC 10145 was assessed in the presence of 15, 20, and 25 µg/mL concentrations of Nano-Curcumin using the microplate titer method. The effect of Nano-Curcumin on the expression level of regulatory genes were determined by relative reverse transcriptase-realtime PCR. Results: In the absence of Nano-Curcumin, P. aeruginosa strain ATCC 10145 strongly produced biofilm (3+) and in the presence of 15 and 20 µg/mL, biofilm formation was reduced to moderate (2+) and weak biofilm producer (1+), respectively. Nano-Curcumin at a concentration of 25µg/mL inhibited biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa. The expression of regulatory genes was not affected by biofilm inhibitory concentrations of Nano-Curcumin. Conclusion: The antibiofilm mechanism of Curcumin is not related to the downregulation of regulatory systems of P. aeruginosa and probably it prevents the formation of a complete biofilm structure.

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An Evaluation of the Genotoxicity and Subchronic Oral Toxicity of Synthetic Curcumin

Cited by 27 publications

References 28 publications

Efficacy of Curcumin on Aortic Atherosclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in Mouse Studies and Insights into Possible Mechanisms

Efficacy of Curcumin on Aortic Atherosclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in Mouse Studies and Insights into Possible Mechanisms

Naturally Derived Heme-Oxygenase 1 Inducers and Their Therapeutic Application to Immune-Mediated Diseases

<p>Investigating the Effect of Nano-Curcumin on the Expression of Biofilm Regulatory Genes of <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em></p>

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