<p>Investigating the Effect of Nano-Curcumin on the Expression of Biofilm Regulatory Genes of <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em></p>

Abstract

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that causes serious nosocomial infections, especially in immunodeficient patients and cystic fibrosis, cancer, and burned individuals. The biofilm that plays an important role in the virulence of P. aeruginosa is under the regulation of quorum sensing and two-component regulatory systems of bacteria. Curcumin, an active phenolic extract of turmeric has shown an inhibitory effect on the biofilm formation of some pathogenic bacteria. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the effect of Nano-Curcumin on the expression of major regulatory genes involved in biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa. Materials and Methods: The biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa ATCC 10145 was assessed in the presence of 15, 20, and 25 µg/mL concentrations of Nano-Curcumin using the microplate titer method. The effect of Nano-Curcumin on the expression level of regulatory genes were determined by relative reverse transcriptase-realtime PCR. Results: In the absence of Nano-Curcumin, P. aeruginosa strain ATCC 10145 strongly produced biofilm (3+) and in the presence of 15 and 20 µg/mL, biofilm formation was reduced to moderate (2+) and weak biofilm producer (1+), respectively. Nano-Curcumin at a concentration of 25µg/mL inhibited biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa. The expression of regulatory genes was not affected by biofilm inhibitory concentrations of Nano-Curcumin. Conclusion: The antibiofilm mechanism of Curcumin is not related to the downregulation of regulatory systems of P. aeruginosa and probably it prevents the formation of a complete biofilm structure.

Therapeutic applications of curcumin nanomedicine formulations in cystic fibrosis

“…The study indicated that a concentration of 25 µg/mL of nano-curcumin affirmatively inhibited the biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa strain ATCC 10,145. Further, nano-curcumin, prepared through Planetary Ball Mill technology, has more resistance to enzyme-induced hydrolysis, along with improved tissue solubility (Sharifian et al 2020). Spray-dried technology was used to co-administer curcumin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles and NAC to evaluate their co-effect in inhibiting infection in the pulmonary system.…”

A comprehensive review of the therapeutic potential of curcumin nanoformulations

“…Results showed that this nanoformulation increases the wound healing process by improving bioavailability, antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities, sustained drug release, and increased cell migration. In another study, Sharifian et al (2020). evaluated the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of Cur nanoparticles in several concentrations (15, 20, and 25 μg/ml) against P. aeruginosa using the microplate titer method.…”

Antibacterial activity of curcumin and its essential nanoformulations against some clinically important bacterial pathogens: A comprehensive review

“…In a nutshell and precisely, it can be inferred that nanocurcumin/nanocomposites and curcumin exhibit efficient anti-P. aeruginosa and antibiofilm activity by inhibiting the QS system, retarding release of components for biofilm formation, biofilm disruption, ROS-mediated bacterial membrane, and ultrastructure damage. [51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78] Similarly, MRSA and MDR-S. aureus growth and biofilm can be effectively inhibited with nanocurcumin/nanocomposites and curcumin along with antibiotics, blue light-mediated PDI, cell penetrating peptide, and so on, that generate singlet oxygen and other ROS, thereby causing bacterial membrane damage and cytoplasmic leakage. Curcumin nanocomplex aerosols and crude curcumin (along with blue LED light-activated EDTA) have the potential to inhibit B. cepacia growth by mechanism that includes bacterial DNA and protein damage and intracellular content leakage.…”

“…In a nutshell and precisely, it can be inferred that nanocurcumin/nanocomposites and curcumin exhibit efficient anti‐ P. aeruginosa and antibiofilm activity by inhibiting the QS system, retarding release of components for biofilm formation, biofilm disruption, ROS‐mediated bacterial membrane, and ultrastructure damage 51–66,71–78 . Similarly, MRSA and MDR‐ S. aureus growth and biofilm can be effectively inhibited with nanocurcumin/nanocomposites and curcumin along with antibiotics, blue light‐mediated PDI, cell penetrating peptide, and so on, that generate singlet oxygen and other ROS, thereby causing bacterial membrane damage and cytoplasmic leakage 79–102 .…”