“…Research shows that active learning, which is deliberately designed, carefully implemented, cognitively focused, and thoughtfully evaluated, can improve student interest, motivation, and engagement (Hanson & Moser, 2003;Prince, 2004), enhance student knowledge and understanding of course content (Chickering & Gamson, 1987;Prince, 2004), increase retention (Braxton, Milem & Sullivan, 2000), help to develop lifelong learners (Clegg, 2000, cited in Wolfe, 2006, and improve student perceptions of teaching effectiveness (Scott, 2007). Prince (2004), in a review of the literature on active learning, declares that there is wide support from empirical research "for all forms of active learning" but particularly for active engagement methods: "The best available evidence suggests that faculty should structure their courses to promote collaborative and cooperative environments" (p. 7).…”