An estimation of water origins in the vicinity of a tropical cyclone’s center and associated dynamic processes

Takakura, Toshinari; Kawamura, Ryuichi; Kawano, Tetsuya; Ichiyanagi, Kimpei; Tanoue, Masahiro; Yoshimura, Kei

doi:10.1007/s00382-017-3626-9

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…As air masses in the middle latitudes tend to be less moist in general than those in the deep tropics, the connection to a source of tropical moisture is important to maintain rainfall production as TCs move through the middle latitudes. This observational study supports the modeling work of Takakura et al [67] who showed water vapor and latent heat fluxes into Typhoon Man-yi via a moisture conveyor belt originating from a latitude of 10 • N as the storm center crossed 30 • N. As expected, the four TCs with a connection to moisture from the deep tropics produced higher rainfall totals on average (Figure 9a) when compared to the 7 TCs that had a lesser meridional extent of 45 mm of TPW (Figure 9b). East of 78 • W, the only locations receiving more rainfall from storms in Figure 7b than those in Figure 7a are in Rhode Island and southeastern Massachusetts.…”

Section: Rainfall Distribution Of Modern Stormssupporting

confidence: 91%

Comparing the Spatial Patterns of Rainfall and Atmospheric Moisture among Tropical Cyclones Having a Track Similar to Hurricane Irene (2011)

Matyas

2017

Atmosphere

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Irene was the most destructive tropical cyclone (TC) of the 2011 Atlantic hurricane season due to flooding from rainfall. This study used a Geographic Information System to identify TCs with similar tracks and examine the spatial attributes of their rainfall patterns. Storm-total rainfall was calculated from the Unified Precipitation Dataset for 11 post-1948 storms and statistics corresponding to the top 10% of rainfall values left of track were computed. Irene-type tracks occur every 6.6 years. Floyd (1999) produced the highest rainfall overall and was the closest analog to Irene, yet Irene produced more rainfall in the northeastern U.S. where higher values of precipitable water existed. Areas of high rainfall expanded as five TCs moved north due to synoptic-scale forcing during extratropical transition. However, Irene and three other TCs did not exhibit this pattern. The amount of moisture in the environment surrounding the TC, rather than storm speed or intensity, exhibited the strongest correlations with rainfall totals and their spatial distribution. These results demonstrate the high variability that exists in the production of rainfall among TCs experiencing similar steering flow, and show that advection of moisture from the tropics is key to higher rainfall totals in the mid-latitudes.

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Section: Rainfall Distribution Of Modern Stormssupporting

confidence: 91%

Comparing the Spatial Patterns of Rainfall and Atmospheric Moisture among Tropical Cyclones Having a Track Similar to Hurricane Irene (2011)

Matyas

2017

Atmosphere

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“…Moisture influx is responsible for the maintenance of TC precipitation in the inner core (e.g., Braun, 2006;Yang et al, 2011), leading to changing TC intensity. Recently, Kudo et al (2014) and Takakura et al (2018) postulated that developing TCs over the western North Pacific in boreal summer have the ability to accumulate abundant water vapor from remote tropical oceans through a large-scale vapor flux zone in the lower troposphere, called the moisture conveyor belt (MCB). The MCB tends to lie from the Indian Ocean through the Philippine Sea, concurrent with a northward-migrating TC in the vicinity of the Philippine Sea, and the connection between MCB formation and TC development is very robust (Fujiwara et al, 2017;Hegde et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote Thermodynamic Impact of the Kuroshio Current on a Developing Tropical Cyclone Over the Western North Pacific in Boreal Fall

2020

Self Cite

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To examine the remote linkage between tropical cyclone (TC) development and moisture transport from the Kuroshio Current toward the TC, we conducted sensitivity experiments that modified the surface latent heat flux (LHF) over the Kuroshio, applying a cloud‐resolving regional model and Lagrangian diagnostics to Typhoon Chaba as it approached Japan in October 2010. The synoptic environment was characterized by a combination of an anticyclone of continental origin around Japan and the northward‐migrating TC, bringing about low‐level northeasterlies over the Kuroshio through an enhanced meridional pressure gradient. When the LHF over the Kuroshio was artificially reduced or removed under this environmental flow, the intensity of the TC, which was fully away from the domain in which the LHF is modified, appreciably attenuated during its developing stage, implying the importance of moisture influx due to the environmental flow in TC development. Since dry air of midlatitude origin could receive little of the moisture supply from the Kuroshio in the sensitivity experiments, the values of equivalent potential temperature within the inflow layer tend to decrease, thus facilitating the weakening of convective updrafts and downdrafts around the eyewall of the TC. It is suggested that such changes act as an inhibitory factor for TC development. The Kuroshio has the potential to remotely influence the TC intensity over the western North Pacific if favorable synoptic conditions are satisfied.

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“…With the continuous improvement of ocean observation technology and the accumulation of satellite remote sensing data, the conditions for the scholars to use the satellite data for short-term climate change research have been met. In recent years, the research and discussion on the interannual change of SST based on satellite remote sensing SST has attracted wide attention (Tang et al, 2003;Yang et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2015;Skirving et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The long-term spatiotemporal variability of sea surface temperature in the northwest Pacific and China offshore

Jiang

Conde

et al. 2020

Ocean Sci.

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Abstract. The variability of the sea surface temperature (SST) in the northwest Pacific has been studied on seasonal, annual and interannual scales based on the monthly datasets of extended reconstructed sea surface temperature (ERSST) 3b (1854–2017, 164 years) and optimum interpolation sea surface temperature version 2 (OISST V2 (1988–2017, 30 years). The overall trends, spatial–temporal distribution characteristics, regional differences in seasonal trends and seasonal differences of SST in the northwest Pacific have been calculated over the past 164 years based on these datasets. In the past 164 years, the SST in the northwest Pacific has been increasing linearly year by year, with a trend of 0.033 ∘C/10 years. The SST during the period from 1870 to 1910 is slowly decreasing and staying in the range between 25.2 and 26.0 ∘C. During the period of 1910–1930, the SST as a whole maintained a low value, which is at the minimum of 164 years. After 1930, SST continued to increase until now. The increasing trend in the past 30 years has reached 0.132 ∘C/10 years, and the increasing trend in the past 10 years is 0.306 ∘C/10 years, which is around 10 times that of the past 164 years. The SST in most regions of the northwest Pacific showed a linear increasing trend year by year, and the increasing trend in the offshore region was stronger than that in the ocean and deep-sea region. The change in trend of the SST in the northwest Pacific shows a large seasonal difference, and the increasing trend in autumn and winter is larger than that in spring and summer. There are some correlations between the SST and some climate indices and atmospheric parameters; the correlations between the SST and some atmospheric parameters have been discussed, such as those of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) anomaly, total column water (TCW), NINO3.4 index, sea level pressure (SLP), precipitation, temperature at 2 m (T2) and wind speed. The lowest SST in China offshore basically occurred in February and the highest in August. The SST fluctuation in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea (BYS) is the largest, with a range from 5 to 22 ∘C; the SST in the East China Sea (ECS) is from 18 to 27 ∘C; the smallest fluctuations occur in the South China Sea (SCS), maintained at range of 26 to 29 ∘C. There are large differences between the mean and standard deviation in different sea regions.

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An estimation of water origins in the vicinity of a tropical cyclone’s center and associated dynamic processes

Cited by 23 publications

References 45 publications

Comparing the Spatial Patterns of Rainfall and Atmospheric Moisture among Tropical Cyclones Having a Track Similar to Hurricane Irene (2011)

Comparing the Spatial Patterns of Rainfall and Atmospheric Moisture among Tropical Cyclones Having a Track Similar to Hurricane Irene (2011)

Remote Thermodynamic Impact of the Kuroshio Current on a Developing Tropical Cyclone Over the Western North Pacific in Boreal Fall

The long-term spatiotemporal variability of sea surface temperature in the northwest Pacific and China offshore

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